. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. REPTILIA. 291 fang of the large cobra (fig. 34-.), where a fine hair is represented as passing through the poison canal: in figure («) the relative position of the pulp cavity (.r) to the poison canal (y~) is shown in the plan of a longi- tudinal section of a poison fang. The colubriform poisonous serpents of the land have comparatively short venom-fangs, but they are larger than those of the pelagic serpents; and behind the venom-fangs there are likewise some smaller grooved teeth in the maxillary bones: there are three
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. REPTILIA. 291 fang of the large cobra (fig. 34-.), where a fine hair is represented as passing through the poison canal: in figure («) the relative position of the pulp cavity (.r) to the poison canal (y~) is shown in the plan of a longi- tudinal section of a poison fang. The colubriform poisonous serpents of the land have comparatively short venom-fangs, but they are larger than those of the pelagic serpents; and behind the venom-fangs there are likewise some smaller grooved teeth in the maxillary bones: there are three such teeth in the Bungarus pama, and five in the Bungarus annulatus. In the Hamadryas, or great hooded poisonous tree-snake of India, the venom-fang is relatively as large as in typical poisonous serpents, but three or four smaller grooved teeth are implanted behind it on the maxillary bone. In the most deadly venom-snakes, as the viper (Berus), the puff adder (Vipcra), the asps, or hooded snakes (Naja)ttlie rattlesnakes (Crotalus)t the cophias and fer-de-lance (7V/- gonocephalus), the poison fangs acquire their largest size, and are associated only with their successors: these are clustered in greater or less number behind them, presenting the same structure, but of a size proportionate to their degree of development, and further differing in being loosely imbedded in the thick and wide mucous gum, which likewise conceals the fixed and functional fang in its ordinary position of retraction and repose. Tliis fang is more strongly curved backwards than the ordinary teeth, but its acute and slender apex is frequently bent slightly in the contrary direction, as in the rattlesnake. The poison glands occupy the sides of the posterior half of the head: each consists of a number of elongated narrow lobes, extending from the main duct which runs along the lower border of the gland upwards, and slightly backwards ; each lobe gives off lobules throughout its extent, thus presenting a
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