Dalkon Shield, ca. 1971 The Dalkon Shield intrauterine contraceptive device, was used by nearly three million women at its peak. In the early 1970s, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discovered its bacteria-wicking applicator could cause dangerous infections, sterility, septic abortion and even death. This crisis buoyed support for the 1976 Medical Device Amendments, which granted the FDA premarket approval authority over medical devices.

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