The Rhine, its valley and history . all Gothic edifices, was projected and com-menced. It was completed only within the last genera-tion as a monument of German unity at last realized. The Reformation brought about the fall of Colognein two ways. In the first place there arose in the deltaof the river the Protestant Power of the Netherlandswhich for long blocked the upward traffic from thesea; and in the second place the Protestants of Cologneitself were expelled, and carried their industries toneighbouring towns, Deuz, Crefeld, Elberfeld andDiisseldorf, where they soon became competitors ofth
The Rhine, its valley and history . all Gothic edifices, was projected and com-menced. It was completed only within the last genera-tion as a monument of German unity at last realized. The Reformation brought about the fall of Colognein two ways. In the first place there arose in the deltaof the river the Protestant Power of the Netherlandswhich for long blocked the upward traffic from thesea; and in the second place the Protestants of Cologneitself were expelled, and carried their industries toneighbouring towns, Deuz, Crefeld, Elberfeld andDiisseldorf, where they soon became competitors ofthe city of their origin, to which there now remainedonly an ecclesiastical importance. A hundred yearsago Cologne contained a hundred churches, and onaccount of the number of its monastic establishmentswas known as the German Rome. In 1815, when the Rhine Province of Prussia wasformed and the navigation of the Rhine was freed, thecity began once more to develop a commercial im-portance, but it was not until after the war of 1870,168. ( i The Loyver German Rhi7iewhen the ramparts were removed and a distant circleof forts substituted, that Cologne once more began torealize the advantages of her geographical not placed upon the coal measures, Cologneis now the commercial centre which serves the indus-tries both of the East Rhenish coalfield of the Ruhrbasin and of the smaller West Rhenish coalfield ofAachen. It is the crossing point of the chief railwaysystems of Northern Europe, from Paris to Berlin, andfrom England and the Netherlands to Italy and the railway engineer the all-important considera-tion is ease of gradients, and the way along the edgeof the plain was therefore the inevitable route fromwest to east, and the ways along the banks of the Rhinethe equally inevitable course from north to south. Yetthe Rhine is crossed at Cologne only by two bridges, theanciently established Bridge of Boats and the modernhigh level bridge which bi
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1908
