. Animal biology. Biology; Zoology; Physiology. THE HUMAN BACKGROUND 435 possibly he is an ancestor of the men of Neanderthal, his succes- sors. (Fig. 279.) 5. Neanderthal Man The remains of Neanderthal man, Homo neanderthalensis, appear in the caverns or rock shelters of Europe several hundred thousand years after the Heidel- berg man. The history of man during the vast interim has not yet been revealed, but we must suppose that he persisted precar- iously through the intermittent periods of glaciation during the great ice ages. Indeed, the Nean- derthal race may have diverged early in the Pl
. Animal biology. Biology; Zoology; Physiology. THE HUMAN BACKGROUND 435 possibly he is an ancestor of the men of Neanderthal, his succes- sors. (Fig. 279.) 5. Neanderthal Man The remains of Neanderthal man, Homo neanderthalensis, appear in the caverns or rock shelters of Europe several hundred thousand years after the Heidel- berg man. The history of man during the vast interim has not yet been revealed, but we must suppose that he persisted precar- iously through the intermittent periods of glaciation during the great ice ages. Indeed, the Nean- derthal race may have diverged early in the Pleistocene, but it flourished in the last interglacial and the early part of the last glacial epoch. It appears to have sprung from an earlier stock of which the Java and Peking men were members. (Fig. 272.) Neanderthal man is known to us from many skeletons, one of the earliest in point of discovery being found in the Neander Valley, near Dusseldorf, Ger- many, in 1857, and one of the most recent in the Cave of. Fig. 280. - - Skeleton of Neander- thal Man (A), Homo neanderthalensis, compared with that of a living native Robbers near Jerusalem. The Australian (B), Homo sapiens; the men of Neanderthal averaged latter the lowest existing race. (After , . n n o • i • Woodward.) about live feet, lour inches m height and were stocky and powerful. They probably walked with a shuffling, slouching gait since curved thigh bones and imperfect curvatures of the spine show that the limbs were habitually bent at hip and knee. A large head with heavy jaws was supported by powerful neck muscles. (Fig. 280.) The skull is notable for its size but the cranium is low and the forehead retreats from a continuous brow-ridge that is distinctive of the race. The large brain is relatively simple compared with. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly
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