The making of the American nation; a history for elementary schools . ofstreams could best beutilized.^ After a fewyears it was found thatthese establishments sur-vived chiefly in the NewEngland plateau and insome of the larger cities,such as Philadelphia,where there was availablewater power. This wasmainly for the reasonthat the money formerlyinvested in commerce inNew England and theMiddle states became available for manufacturing. Moreover, alarge proportion of the people who went to New England wereskilled artisans, cloth makers, machinists, and metal workers,while those who went to. the S
The making of the American nation; a history for elementary schools . ofstreams could best beutilized.^ After a fewyears it was found thatthese establishments sur-vived chiefly in the NewEngland plateau and insome of the larger cities,such as Philadelphia,where there was availablewater power. This wasmainly for the reasonthat the money formerlyinvested in commerce inNew England and theMiddle states became available for manufacturing. Moreover, alarge proportion of the people who went to New England wereskilled artisans, cloth makers, machinists, and metal workers,while those who went to. the Southern colonies were eitherAvealthy landowners or unskilled laborers. 1 In 1816 and in latta- years the Congress established tariffs for the encourage-ment of manufactures. See paj^e 252. ?- About this time the value of the Fall Line, the line at -which the foothillsand the coast plain meet, was recognized. Many of the great manufacturingcenters, such as Lowell and Lawrence, in Massachusetts, and Cohoes, in NewYork, had their origin in this geographic Ciilluii TjalsipgAlva llins ri3 Maiiiifiic-turingArea thus 1^^^^ THE The Regions of Cotton and of Manu-factures. A PERIOD OF INDUSTRIAL GROWTH 237 One Effect of the New Adjustment of Industries. — The creation of a line between Northern and Sonthern peoples was one verymarked effect of the general readjnstment of the industries of thecountry. The boundary between them was the line that separatedthe region of the waterfalls from the cotton fields. There cameto be a distinct North and an equally distinct South. The widen-ing of the gap between the two sections, in the future, was tobring about most lamentable results. The Tide of Emigration. —Between 1789 and 1814 the populationof the United States had increased from a little more than threemillions to more than seven and one half millions; the thirteenstates had become eighteen in number; the national area had grownfronr less than one million to more th
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