. Industrial history of the United States, from the earliest settlements to the present time: being a complete survey of American industries, embracing agriculture and horticulture; including the cultivation of cotton, tobacco, wheat; the raising of horses, neat-cattle, etc.; all the important manufactures, shipping and fisheries, railroads, mines and mining, and oil; also a history of the coal-miners and the Molly Maguires; banks, insurance, and commerce; trade-unions, strikes, and eight-hour movement; together with a description of Canadian industries . m means rock-oil, and applies more par
. Industrial history of the United States, from the earliest settlements to the present time: being a complete survey of American industries, embracing agriculture and horticulture; including the cultivation of cotton, tobacco, wheat; the raising of horses, neat-cattle, etc.; all the important manufactures, shipping and fisheries, railroads, mines and mining, and oil; also a history of the coal-miners and the Molly Maguires; banks, insurance, and commerce; trade-unions, strikes, and eight-hour movement; together with a description of Canadian industries . m means rock-oil, and applies more particularly to the naturalproduct distilled from carboniferous shales in Natures laboratory by the innerheat of the earth. The artificial product from distilling coal is known askerosene. The crude oil in each case, however, is very much the same incomposition, as are also the refined oils from the two sources. The Kerosene Oil Company founded the first distillery and refinery in thiscountry, on Youngs system, at Newtown Creek, , in 1854. They utilizedFirst refine- bituminous coal. The business rapidly extended, especially inry in United Ohio, where soft coals abound; and in i860 there were no lessthan twenty-five refineries in that State alone, six in Kentucky, onein St. Louis, eight or ten in Virginia, ten in Pennsylvania, five in the immediatevicinity of New-York City, and seven in New England. Coincident with the distillation of an illuminating-oil from coal were experi-ments to perfect a lamp that would burn it. Used as our old sperm-oil 01. 776 INDUSTRIAL HISTORY spirit-gas was, kerosene had a deep red flame, and gave off smoke and anKerosene- offensive odor. The invention of the modern burner and chimneylamp. t0 ma]ce the consumption complete, clarify the flame, and avoid the smoke and stench, was largely the work of Americans, though the Austriansassisted greatly. The kerosene-lamp was practically perfected before i860. Thus it will be seen, that, while kerosene was n
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookidindustrialhistor00boll
