The science and art of surgery : being a treatise on surgical injuries, diseases, and operations . ny other cases, again, there may be morefacets on one calculus than companion-calculi in the bladder. A second stonemay occasion two or even three facetson the first, having rolled first to one and then to the other side of it. Spontaneous Fracture of a calculus vvill sometimes occur withinthe bladder. This curious phenomenon may happen to a stone that issingle, or to one among several calculi. When it occurs, great irrita-bility of the bladder is set up. There are several ways of expla
The science and art of surgery : being a treatise on surgical injuries, diseases, and operations . ny other cases, again, there may be morefacets on one calculus than companion-calculi in the bladder. A second stonemay occasion two or even three facetson the first, having rolled first to one and then to the other side of it. Spontaneous Fracture of a calculus vvill sometimes occur withinthe bladder. This curious phenomenon may happen to a stone that issingle, or to one among several calculi. When it occurs, great irrita-bility of the bladder is set up. There are several ways of explainingthis fracture, or rather disintegration, of a calculus. Civiale supposesit to occur by the contraction of the hypertrophied coats of the bladderupon the stone. It is possible that, when there are several calculi in thebladder, the concussion of one against another may give rise to it; andfor the breaking up of a calculus to happen, it would by no means benecessary that this pressure of the bladder or concussion should besufficienily strong to resolve the stone at once into fragments. If a. Calculi with Facets. 728 URINARY CALCULUS. crack or fisstnC merely be formed in it, the infiltration of the urine intothis may so soften and loosen its cohesion, that it becomes resolved,without further violence, into a number of pieces. In some instances,these become agglomerated together, by the deposit of a quantity ofphosphatic matter upon and around them. In other cases, the differentfragments may each form the nucleus of a fresh calculus, so that thebladder may afterwards contain numerous concretions. Physical Characters.—The Size of calculi varies from that of ahemp-seed or pins head to a concretion of immense magnitude. One ofthe largest with which I am acquainted, was a calculus removed by thehigh operation by Uytterhoeven of Brussels, which I saw some time agoin his possession, and of which he has been obliging enough to give mea cast; it is pyriform, and measures 9^ »^l>
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