. Locomotive text for engineers and firemen; a complete treatise on the engine, electric head-light and standard code of train rules . should be bent at an angle so that the sand will bedelivered directly to the point of contact between thedriving wheels and the rails. DEFECTS OF THE AIR SANDER. If the sand fails to appear at the sand-pipe afterthe air has been admitted, it should first be ascer-tained whether or not there is sand in the sand-box. Ifthe supply of sand is sufficient, the trouble may bedue to the delivery pipe becoming clogged, a trapstopped up, a leak in the air-pipe preventing
. Locomotive text for engineers and firemen; a complete treatise on the engine, electric head-light and standard code of train rules . should be bent at an angle so that the sand will bedelivered directly to the point of contact between thedriving wheels and the rails. DEFECTS OF THE AIR SANDER. If the sand fails to appear at the sand-pipe afterthe air has been admitted, it should first be ascer-tained whether or not there is sand in the sand-box. Ifthe supply of sand is sufficient, the trouble may bedue to the delivery pipe becoming clogged, a trapstopped up, a leak in the air-pipe preventing the airfrom reaching the trap, or the adjusting nozzle be-coming clogged. To locate the trouble, first open the air-valve in thecab, noting whether or not air is escaping from the de-livery pipe. If so, it indicates that the pipe is cloggedin the dome. Plug 6 should then be removed and a wireinserted to remove the obstruction. If no air appearsat the delivery pipe it indicates that the trap is clogged,there is a leak in the air-pipe, or a clogged nozzle. Todetermine whether or not the air is admitted to the sand AIR SANDERS. in. 112 AUTOMATIC BELL-RINGER. trap, thumbscrew or plug 7 should be removed. If afull blast of air escapes from the opening, it indicatesthat the air has reached the trap. Plug 2 should then beremoved and the trap thoroughly cleaned, and the airagain turned on. Care should be taken to observe as towhether the air passes through nozzle 5. When drysand appears at the trap, plug 2 can again be the delivery pipe is clogged, it can be opened by tap-ping it lightly with a hammer. In freezing weather itmay be frozen, under which circumstances it would benecessary to thaw it out before sand could be admittedto the rails. THE GOLLMAR AUTOMATIC BELL-RINGER. Construction and Operation. An automatic bell-ringeris one which is operated by compressed air. Fig. 1,Plate 29, shows the interior view of the automatic bell-ringer and Fig. 2 the manner in which it
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