. Outlines of nineteenth century history. nd Montenegro was formally acknowledged; Bulgaria, northof the Balkans, was to enjoy self-government, but was to pay tribute to the Porte;Eastern Rumelia was to have a Christian governor, but was to remain under thedominion of the Sultan. In 1885 Eastern Rumelia united with Bulgaria. 9 At the present writing (1906) these unredeemed lands, particularly the easternportion of them popularly designated as Macedonia, are seething with revolt. Bulgariafosters the discontent, hoping that in the general readjustment of frontiers whichmust necessarily follow th
. Outlines of nineteenth century history. nd Montenegro was formally acknowledged; Bulgaria, northof the Balkans, was to enjoy self-government, but was to pay tribute to the Porte;Eastern Rumelia was to have a Christian governor, but was to remain under thedominion of the Sultan. In 1885 Eastern Rumelia united with Bulgaria. 9 At the present writing (1906) these unredeemed lands, particularly the easternportion of them popularly designated as Macedonia, are seething with revolt. Bulgariafosters the discontent, hoping that in the general readjustment of frontiers whichmust necessarily follow the expulsion of the Turks from Europe she will be able tosecure additional territory. But Austria is unwilling to see Bulgaria enlarged orstrengthened, since this would set an obstacle in the way of her eastern expansion;while Russia is opposed to any change in the present situation of things that wouldenhance the influence of Austria in the Balkans. And so the unspeakable Turk continues his oppressive rule over Christian lands in THE LIBERAL MOVEMENT IN RUSSIA 83 82. The Liberal Movement in Russia. —We must now note amovement in Russian society more significant for Russian historyand thus for general history than any of the wars of the Tsars orthe diplomacy of the Muscovite court. This is the intellectualrevolt of the educated Russian classes against the autocratic andrepressive government of the This Liberal movement is nothing else than the outworking inRussia of the ideas of the French Revolution. In regard to thefuture consequences of this singular revolution, writes that keenobserver, Arthur Young, as an example to other nations, therecan be no doubt but the spirit which has produced it will, sooneror later, spread throughout Europe, according to the differentdegrees of enlightenment amongst the common people. With-out doubt the deepest cause of the Liberal movement which isagitating Russia to-day must be sought in the awakening intelli-gence of the Russ
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