. Outlines of botany for the high school laboratory and classroom (based on Gray's Lessons in botany) Prepared at the request of the Botanical Dept. of Harvard University. Botany; Botany. no THE FLOWKU ^ Hino-le pistil witli the basal scale (Figs. 149-152). The seed-hearino- flowers of the Pine and other Coniferce, as already described, contain only pistils; their pollen- bearing flo\\-ers, only stamens. When a flower lacks l)oth o-ynwcium and andrceciiun, it eitlier becomes merely tril)utar}- to other, fertile flowers — as in the case of the marginal fltjrets in the heads of the Sunflower—or
. Outlines of botany for the high school laboratory and classroom (based on Gray's Lessons in botany) Prepared at the request of the Botanical Dept. of Harvard University. Botany; Botany. no THE FLOWKU ^ Hino-le pistil witli the basal scale (Figs. 149-152). The seed-hearino- flowers of the Pine and other Coniferce, as already described, contain only pistils; their pollen- bearing flo\\-ers, only stamens. When a flower lacks l)oth o-ynwcium and andrceciiun, it eitlier becomes merely tril)utar}- to other, fertile flowers — as in the case of the marginal fltjrets in the heads of the Sunflower—or it lacks altogether tlie essential character of a flower proper, as regards purpose, eitlier directly or indirectly ; as in the double Rose and other flowers transformed by cultivation. 208. The floral leaves together are called the perianth, meaning aliout the ^flower— a term not far from appropriate if what has just been said is allowed. Commonly, two distinct sets of tliese leaves are present : the inner called fietah, together forming the corolla; the outer termed gi'pals, composing tlie calyx. 209. The nuuil)er of sepals and petals in particiflar species is generallj- constant. In a majority of the Dicotyle- dons the sepals are five, and the petals five, though four is a common numl)er ; in ^lonocotyledons the members of the perianth are prevailingly in threes. As the stamens are apt to be as many or twice as many as the petals or sepals, a numerical plan is often prominent in the parts of the flower. We say that the flowers of the Dicotyledons are often on the plan of five, those of the Monocot^dedons on the plan of tliree. 210. Forms of the corolla. — As an example of the j:e[itilar corolla — ^\'ith petals all alike — the flowers of any (if the Rose family nuiy be recalled ; but tlie Colum- bine ( I'lg. loo) as well, since all tlie petals are spurred, presents a regular corolla. In the Violet (Fig. 154), on the contrary, only one petal is spurred, and th
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