. The Roentgen rays in medicine and surgery as an aid in diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent : designed for the use of practitioners and students . ,000 to 20,000 storage cells in series through a waterrheostat. This method is not as yet used in practice. Vacuum Tubes for Producing X-Rays Whether one uses a static machine or an induction coil as an exciter,the vacuum tube still remains the most important portion of the appa-ratus and the most difficult to keep in proper condition. It consistsmainly of a glass bulb about 10 centimetres in diameter, in the interiorof which are supported on meta
. The Roentgen rays in medicine and surgery as an aid in diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent : designed for the use of practitioners and students . ,000 to 20,000 storage cells in series through a waterrheostat. This method is not as yet used in practice. Vacuum Tubes for Producing X-Rays Whether one uses a static machine or an induction coil as an exciter,the vacuum tube still remains the most important portion of the appa-ratus and the most difficult to keep in proper condition. It consistsmainly of a glass bulb about 10 centimetres in diameter, in the interiorof which are supported on metal stems two or three metallic objects,according to the kind of tube employed. A. Double Focus Tubes. — These tubes are used on an alternat-ing current and contain three pieces of metal — the two terminals,called respectively the cathode and the anode, and the third the anti-cathode, or target. See Figs. 32-35. B. Sinjrle Foms Tubes. — These tubes are used on a direct currentand contain the two terminals called respectively the cathode and theanode ; this latter terminal acting as a target also. See Figs. 24-28, 30-31. X-RAY EQUIPMENT 33. FIG. 23. Combination of storage battery and gravity cells. The tube holder is seen in positionwith one side removed so that the tube is visible. In front of tube is a circular diaphragm wi han aluminum wire screen in its centre. The case is filled with storage batteries and gravity cells,some of which are seen on the left. (Rollins.)D HE ROENTGEN RAYS IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY Cathode. — The cathode is made of ahiminum, and is usually a con-cave disk, which has a radius of curvature of about centimetres, andshould be placed at twice this distance from the target. The diameterof the cathode should vary with the size of the discharges used to excitethe tube ; if these are large, the cathode should be large. Anode. — The anode, in the double focus tube, that is, when aterminal only, is made of aluminum (see Figs. 32-35). Target. — Th
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