Electron microscopy; proceedings of the Stockholm Conference, September, 1956 . electronmicrosco00euro Year: 1957 The Study of Bone: Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, & Optical Birefringence 235 cized the conclusions of Engstrom and Finean, be- cause observations with the electron microscope do not support the view that the inorganic particles are rod-shaped. On the other hand North, Cowan and Randall n of the problem, we have taken up Finean and Engstrom's researches on human and cow bone, integrating them with further observations with the polarizing and electron microscope. A low-ang
Electron microscopy; proceedings of the Stockholm Conference, September, 1956 . electronmicrosco00euro Year: 1957 The Study of Bone: Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, & Optical Birefringence 235 cized the conclusions of Engstrom and Finean, be- cause observations with the electron microscope do not support the view that the inorganic particles are rod-shaped. On the other hand North, Cowan and Randall n of the problem, we have taken up Finean and Engstrom's researches on human and cow bone, integrating them with further observations with the polarizing and electron microscope. A low-angle scatter apparatus somewhat similar to that employed by Finean (9) was used. The scatter was lecorded using Ni-filtered CuA'a radiation (A ^ A). We did not think it advisable to use monochromatic radiation since with a system of the type existing in ihe bone tissue, the use of Ni-filtered radiation (CuA'a) does not entail more substantial errors than the use of a monochromatic radiation. The intensity variation of the low-angle scatter was measured using a Leeds and North- rup automatic recording microphotometer. The electron microscope preparations were obtained employing both the mechanical dissociation in a Waring blendor and the pseudo-replica technique. The detailed description of these techniques has been reported in previous papers (2, 3). X-ray, polarizing microscope and electron microscope investigations were performed on samples of cow's and human bone. This last pertained to foetus, adult and old man. The samples comprehended untreated bone, decalcified bone and bone from which ossein had been removed by trypsin digestion or according Gabriel's method. In agreement with the results obtained by Eng- strom and Finean, the low-angle scatter of x-rays from sections of bone suggests that the scattering elements are well aligned and symmetrical around their long axes. Therefore the same elements appear as if they were the same as ellipsoids of revolution, the long a
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