Mexican and Central American antiquities, calendar systems, and history; . ^ particularly in connection Avith expiation of occnrrence, like that of the representation of the four rain gods(figure 58) and the deer figures bearing the day signs (figure 59),seem therefore to point to the conclusion that the picture writings ofthe Borgian codex group are either actually Zapotec or belong to aterritory whose people resembled the latter in their religious andcalendric notions. This is a fact which Ave have every reason to keepwell in h d Fig. G1. Self-pnnisliment and symbol^: of two k


Mexican and Central American antiquities, calendar systems, and history; . ^ particularly in connection Avith expiation of occnrrence, like that of the representation of the four rain gods(figure 58) and the deer figures bearing the day signs (figure 59),seem therefore to point to the conclusion that the picture writings ofthe Borgian codex group are either actually Zapotec or belong to aterritory whose people resembled the latter in their religious andcalendric notions. This is a fact which Ave have every reason to keepwell in h d Fig. G1. Self-pnnisliment and symbol^: of two kin^s from Mexican codices. The special signification attached to the twisted grass rope, tola,among the Zapotecs also explains the singularly baneful part Avhichthe grass malinalli, the tAvist, plays as a day sign. For thereis probably no doubt that this Mexican malinalli and the Zapotectola are the same thing, although tola Avas not used in the Zapoteccalendar for malinalli, but pija, chija, corresponding to the literalsense of malinalli. This fact seems in its turn to indicate that in theland of the Zapotecs Ave are not A^er}^ far from the spot Avhere the daysigns originated and Avhere the Avhole remarkable system of theCentral American calendar Avas elaborated. DEITIES AND RELIGIOUS CONCEPTIONS OF THE ZAPOTECS The Zapotec dictionary, by Father Juan de Cordova, already fre-quently mentioned, forms a chief source of information concerningthe immediate religious conceptions of the Zapotecs, the forms ofthe gods which were worshiped by


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectmayas, bookyear1904