Forest physiography; physiography of the United States and principles of soils in relation to forestry . lain of northern California has given rise to a youthful 1 Branner, Newsom, and Arnold, Santa Cruz Folio U. S. Geol. Surv. No. 163, 1906, p. 10. 2 A. C. Lawson, The Geomorphogeny of the Coast of Northern California, Univ. Cal. Bull.,Dept. Geol., vol. i, pp. 242-244. 134 FOREST PHYSIOGRAPHY topography along the coast; the coastal canyons are narrow and precipi-tous, and V-shaped profiles predominate. In the middle stretches ofthe streams degradation is less intense and the topography appears
Forest physiography; physiography of the United States and principles of soils in relation to forestry . lain of northern California has given rise to a youthful 1 Branner, Newsom, and Arnold, Santa Cruz Folio U. S. Geol. Surv. No. 163, 1906, p. 10. 2 A. C. Lawson, The Geomorphogeny of the Coast of Northern California, Univ. Cal. Bull.,Dept. Geol., vol. i, pp. 242-244. 134 FOREST PHYSIOGRAPHY topography along the coast; the coastal canyons are narrow and precipi-tous, and V-shaped profiles predominate. In the middle stretches ofthe streams degradation is less intense and the topography appearssomewhat less rugged. Recent events following the uplift and dissection of the coastal pene-plain of California are a subsidence of at least 370 feet at the mouth ofthe Sacramento River which flooded the lower portions of that valleyand gave rise to the magnificent harbor of San Francisco. The drownedmouth of the river once discharging across the Coast Ranges at thispoint is known as the Golden Gate. The last episode in the regionhas been a slight uplift in the vicinity of the Straits of Carquinez.^. Fig. 25. — Coastal terraces produced by wave erosion, west of Santa Cruz, California. (U. S. Geol. Surv.) The uplift of the coastal peneplain of northern California was notaccomplished in a single continuous movement but was interruptedby many halts. During these periods of relative stability there wereformed well-developed ocean terraces which are among the most promi-nent features of the coastal topography. Such terraces were alwaysinvolved in later uplifts and now stand at high levels, the highestrepresenting the algebraic sum of all coastal changes whether of uphftor depression since the beginning of the last series of changes in thelevel of the land. The highest terrace of northern California is about 1 A. C. Lawson, The Geomorphogeny of the Coast of Northern California, Univ. Cal. Bull.,Dept. Geol., vol. i, pp. 270-271. COAST RANGES 135 1500 feet above sea level. Below this
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