. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. 14 and .small branches, and locate there pernianentl}'. In a day or two they begin the formation of the scale. The male scale is much smaller than the female, elongate, wider behind than in front, and little, if any, curved. It is uncommon on apple, but often found on other food plants. The winged male insect appears in midsummer. There is but one ))rood a year in the North, but in parts of the South there are apparenth" two broods; the second one hatching about Sep- tember 1. The oyster-shell bark-lo
. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. 14 and .small branches, and locate there pernianentl}'. In a day or two they begin the formation of the scale. The male scale is much smaller than the female, elongate, wider behind than in front, and little, if any, curved. It is uncommon on apple, but often found on other food plants. The winged male insect appears in midsummer. There is but one ))rood a year in the North, but in parts of the South there are apparenth" two broods; the second one hatching about Sep- tember 1. The oyster-shell bark-louse is widely distributed and attacks a great variety of trees, but is especially partial to apple. THE SCURFY BARK-LOUSE. {Chionaspisfurfurus Fitch—fig. 4.) This common orchard scale is readily known ))v its whitish color and ovate form. The adult female scale is rather flat, irregularly o\ate in outline, with the ycllowLsh exuvium at the apex. The life histor}^ is similar to that of the oyster-shell bark-louse. The eggs are laid in the early fall and occupy the greater part of the scale. The mother dies and the scale re- mains on the tree during the winter to protect the eggs. The yoiuig hatch during the latter part of May or early in June. The male scale, which is often very abundant, is much smaller than the female, snow-white in color, and fully twice as long as broad, with nearly parallel sides and three keels or ridges. The winged male insects issue in Sep- tember. There is but one ])rood in the North, but proT)a])ly two or even three in the South. The .scurfy bark-louse is widely distributed and occurs on most orchard trees, but chiefly on apple and pear. Asi'iDioTus (Circular or Round Scales). To this genus l)elongs the most destructive known .species, the San Jose scale. The other species, however, often cause much damage. There is a considerable resemblance among the various species, so that it is diflicult for any inexperienced person to determine them. The final
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