Southern Africa, the land and its peoples . t rates to t he subsoil. Such cond it ions,however, encourage the growth of grasses, which spring from theground with great rapidity, and tend to stifle any beginning of tree growth. The scarcity of woodland over a large part of SouthAfrica is due to this cause. Tin: Main Types <i VEGETATION. Natural vegetation is usually divided into three mam types,called formations by plant geographers. These are Woodland,Grassland and Desert and Semi-Desert. 1. Woodland. In South Africa this includes Forest, Scruband Bush. Forest, (a) True forests exist in a c
Southern Africa, the land and its peoples . t rates to t he subsoil. Such cond it ions,however, encourage the growth of grasses, which spring from theground with great rapidity, and tend to stifle any beginning of tree growth. The scarcity of woodland over a large part of SouthAfrica is due to this cause. Tin: Main Types <i VEGETATION. Natural vegetation is usually divided into three mam types,called formations by plant geographers. These are Woodland,Grassland and Desert and Semi-Desert. 1. Woodland. In South Africa this includes Forest, Scruband Bush. Forest, (a) True forests exist in a comparatively small regionalong the south coast, forming an almost continuous belt, roughlya hundred miles long by ten miles broad, on the seaward llanksof the Outeniqua, Lange Kloof, and Zitzikama Mountains. Here 75 76 SOUTH Kit N AFRICA the annual rainfall is about 35 inches, and is fairly evenly distri-buted throughout the year. Under the tall timber trees of thisregion ferns grow in profusion and climbers like the monkey-ropeare Photo.] [ Publicity Forest. « (b) Sub-tropical forests occur in isolated patches along thenarrow strip of coastal country extending northwards from theneighbourhood of Port Elizabeth. The chief of these are (i) thosenear East London and King Williams Town, (ii) the ManubiForest, situated a little further north along the coast, (iii) theEgossa Forest, north of Port St. John, occupying a strip about20 miles long and 2 miles in width. (c) Forests of a more temperate type occur on the eastern andSouth-eastern slopes of the Stormberge and Drakensberge ranges. \ vi i \ i . i \ i i«»\ Scrub. In the south-western region of the (ape Provincegrata is never a conspicuous feature of the country ; the predomi-nant vegetation has the form of shrubs and bushes. The plants are adapted to withstand the summer drOUghl ; often their roots are of great length, whilst from their small or leathery leaveslittle transpiration can
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