Entomology for beginners; for the use of young folks, fruitgrowers, farmers, and gardeners; . ot often forms blister-likeswellings between the second and third joints of the stalk,immediately above the lower joint in the sheathing base ofthe leaf; remaining through the winter in the stubble,straw, or harvested grain, and changing into a small,slender, black, four-winged insect, which deposits its eggsin the stalks of young wheat late in May and in June. This is one of the Chalcididee, and, unlike the majorityof the family, lives on plants. When wheat or barley isfrom eight to ten inches high i
Entomology for beginners; for the use of young folks, fruitgrowers, farmers, and gardeners; . ot often forms blister-likeswellings between the second and third joints of the stalk,immediately above the lower joint in the sheathing base ofthe leaf; remaining through the winter in the stubble,straw, or harvested grain, and changing into a small,slender, black, four-winged insect, which deposits its eggsin the stalks of young wheat late in May and in June. This is one of the Chalcididee, and, unlike the majorityof the family, lives on plants. When wheat or barley isfrom eight to ten inches high its growth becomes suddenlychecked; the lower leaves turn yellow, and the stalks be-come bent. If the butts of the straw are now examined,they will be found to be irregularly swollen and discoloredbetween the second and third joints, and, instead of being 192 ENTOMOLOGY. hollow, are rendered solid, hard, and brittle, so that thestraw above the diseased part is impoverished and seldomproduces any grain. REMEDY.—Burn the stubble in the autumn or early spring forseveral years in FIG. 236.—The joint-worm fly. a, c, e, female; b, d, /, male.—After Riley. The Hessian Fly (Cecidomyia destructor Say).—Two orthree small, reddish-white maggots embedded in the crownof the roots or just above the lower joint cause the stalksand leaves of wheat to wither and die; the maggots harden,turn brown, then resemble flaxseed, and finally change intolittle black midges with smoky wings, which lay fromtwenty to thirty eggs in a crease in the leaf of the youngplant. There are two broods of the fly, the first laying theireggs on the leaves of the young wheat from early in Apriltill the end of May, the time varying with the latitude andweather; the second brood appearing during August andthe early part of September, and laying about thirty eggson the leaves of the young winter wheat. The eggs hatch in about four days after they are of the maggots or larvae make their way
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, bookpublishe, booksubjectinsects
