. Anatomy of the woodchuck (Marmota monax). Woodchuck; Mammals. Chapter 5—Digestive System 93. Fig. 5-10. Abdomen with cecum, ascending colon and jejunum removed. 1 liver, 2 pyloric part of the stomach, 3 body of the stomach, 4 spleen, 5 descending colon, 6 round lig. of the uterus, 7 ureters, 8 urinary bladder, 9 uterus, 10 caudal duodenal flexure, 11 ascending duodenum, 12 descending duodenum, 13 pancreas, 14 cranial flexure of the duodenum, 15 transverse colon. The anal canal, canalis analis, forms the terminal part of the digestive tract. It is about 1 cm long and is surrounded by the caud
. Anatomy of the woodchuck (Marmota monax). Woodchuck; Mammals. Chapter 5—Digestive System 93. Fig. 5-10. Abdomen with cecum, ascending colon and jejunum removed. 1 liver, 2 pyloric part of the stomach, 3 body of the stomach, 4 spleen, 5 descending colon, 6 round lig. of the uterus, 7 ureters, 8 urinary bladder, 9 uterus, 10 caudal duodenal flexure, 11 ascending duodenum, 12 descending duodenum, 13 pancreas, 14 cranial flexure of the duodenum, 15 transverse colon. The anal canal, canalis analis, forms the terminal part of the digestive tract. It is about 1 cm long and is surrounded by the caudal part of the external anal sphincter. The mucous membrane of the anal canal consists of three distinct zones. The columnar zone is the continuation of the rectum and is char- acterized by longitudinal folds of mucous mem- brane. The short intermediate zone separates the columnar zone from the cutaneous zone. The cu- taneous zone is continuous with the skin and con- tains the openings of the three para-anal sacs, saccus paranalis (Fig. 4-14). One sac lies on the ventral midline, the other two on either side of it. The woodchuck everts the openings of the sacs when threatened or frightened. Blood supply: Five vessels supply the rectum and anal canal. The cranial rectal artery lies on the dor- sal surface of the rectum and anal canal. The mid- dle rectal artery lies along the ventrolateral border of the retroperitoneal part of the rectum. The two caudal rectal arteries supply the ventrolateral part of the terminal rectum and anal canal. Satellite veins drain the rectum and anal canal. All the veins drain into the caudal vena cava, and do not con- tribute to the formation of the portal vein. Innervation: By parasympathetic fibers from the pelvic plexus (Nn. pelvini). Lymph drainage: Lymph drains into the caudal mesenteric lymph nodes that are arranged around the origin of the caudal mesenteric artery. Liver, Hepar (Figs. 5-9, 5-12 and 5-14). The average weight of the liver of o
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