Plague; its cause and the manner of its extension, its menace, its control and suppression, its diagnosis and treatment . metal have displaced woodand plaster as construction materials; when planksidewalks and refuse piles are no more and when thecatch basins of sewers have been made rat-proofthe subsistence problem for the rat will be greatlyincreased in difficulty, and starvation should thenbegin to lessen the rat population, at least in thecities. Rat-proofing.—Municipal authorities shouldtake up the matter of rat-proof construction for newbuildings and the rat-proofing of old ones by ap-pr
Plague; its cause and the manner of its extension, its menace, its control and suppression, its diagnosis and treatment . metal have displaced woodand plaster as construction materials; when planksidewalks and refuse piles are no more and when thecatch basins of sewers have been made rat-proofthe subsistence problem for the rat will be greatlyincreased in difficulty, and starvation should thenbegin to lessen the rat population, at least in thecities. Rat-proofing.—Municipal authorities shouldtake up the matter of rat-proof construction for newbuildings and the rat-proofing of old ones by ap-proved alterations. In Manila, Hong Kong andelsewhere these methods are receiving attention andencouraging reports are recorded, more particularlywith regard to the disappearance of plague in dis-tricts so treated than in the disappearance of is most important, for if the rat and his fleasare excluded from houses and therefore from in-timate association with man (an apparently feasiblematter through the rat-proof construction of build-ings), protection against human plague is in greatmeasure ITS CONTROL AND SUPPRESSION 49 In Manila the disappearance and continued ab-sence of human plague in previously infected local-ities goes hand in hand with the introduction ofsystematic rat-proofing in sections where cases ofhuman plague occur. These measures were first instituted in 1906 andplague disappeared from Manila in the same yearand did not reappear until 1912. From 1900 to 1905, $15,000 was paid in ratbounties and $325,000 was paid for salaries, wagesand expenses in rat catching, with little appreciableeffect upon the number of rats and without causingthe plague to entirely disappear. It must be ad-mitted, however, that practical control of the dis-ease was attained during this period. Rat-proofing of dwelling houses is less expensivethan perpetual wholesale rat destruction and is aperfectly effective measure against human the suppression of the
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