. The Roentgen rays in medicine and surgery as an aid in diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent : designed for the use of practitioners and students . filled one withwater and the other with blood to the depth of 8 centimetres, and ex-posed them at the same time on the same photographic plate. In orderto eHminate any source of error that might arise from a po, differ-ence in the thickness of the cups, I repeated the experiment, puttingblood into the cup that had previously held the water, and water intothe cup that had contained the blood. Both experiments gave similarresults. The shadow
. The Roentgen rays in medicine and surgery as an aid in diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent : designed for the use of practitioners and students . filled one withwater and the other with blood to the depth of 8 centimetres, and ex-posed them at the same time on the same photographic plate. In orderto eHminate any source of error that might arise from a po, differ-ence in the thickness of the cups, I repeated the experiment, puttingblood into the cup that had previously held the water, and water intothe cup that had contained the blood. Both experiments gave similarresults. The shadow cast by the cup containing even so great a thick-ness of blood as 8 centimetres was but little darker than that cast by NATURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE X-RAYS 7 cup holding an equal thickness of water, and the outline of the bottomof the first cup was less sharply defined. Enough has been said to show that the chemical composition of sub-stances may furnish a most important clew in regard to their respectivepower of absorbing the X-rays, and the question need not be furtherdwelt upon here. The details of the subject will have a greater interest. JrlG. 2. Cut made fiom a radiograph of two similar vulcanite cups. The one containing water,the other blood, in equal amounts; the cup holding the blood has a metal ring beside it. in the future, as now the profession is naturally more interested in thewell-marked distinctions which are observed, rather than the finer onesthat are more difficult to obtain. But it is desirable to call attention tothe surprisingly slight differences in chemical composition that may bedifferentiated by radiographs, and to point out to all who are making astudy of the application of the X-rays to medicine that the question ofchemical composition is an important one to bear in mind ; the X-raysgive us something more than evidence of physical change. r^^ CHAPTER II X-RAY EQUIPMENT The chief parts of an X-ray outfit are a static machine, or an inductioncoil; the
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