. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. 310 THE ARTICULATIONS OR JOINTS. Lig\ Obturatorium Atlantoepistrophica Posterior.—The posterior covering atlanto-epistropheal ligament ( posterior atlo-axoid ligament) (Fig. 296) occupies the position which is elsewhere taken by the ligamenta flava. It extends from the posterior arch of the atlas to the upper border of the vertebral arch of the epistropheus. Lig. Transversum Atlantis.—The transverse ligament of the atlas (Figs. 296 and 297) is a strong band, placed transversely, which arches backwards behind the neck of the dens of the epistrop
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. 310 THE ARTICULATIONS OR JOINTS. Lig\ Obturatorium Atlantoepistrophica Posterior.—The posterior covering atlanto-epistropheal ligament ( posterior atlo-axoid ligament) (Fig. 296) occupies the position which is elsewhere taken by the ligamenta flava. It extends from the posterior arch of the atlas to the upper border of the vertebral arch of the epistropheus. Lig. Transversum Atlantis.—The transverse ligament of the atlas (Figs. 296 and 297) is a strong band, placed transversely, which arches backwards behind the neck of the dens of the epistropheus. By its extremities it is attached to the tubercle on the medial aspect of each lateral mass of the atlas. A thin plate of fibro-cartilage is developed in its central part. A stratum synoviale (synovial membrane) lines each of the three articular capsules, and in addition a synovial sac is developed between the dens and the lig. transversum atlantis. This is more extensive than the synovial cavity between the dens and the atlas. Aeticulatio Atlanto-occipitalis. There are two articulations between the atlas and the occipital bone. Each is a diarthrosis in which movement takes place in relation to two axes, viz., the Membrana tectoria Crus superius Occipital bone Lateral mass of atlas Atlanto-epistropheal joint Body of epistropheus. Ligamentum apicis dentis Ligamentum alare Crus superius Ligamentum cracia- tum atlantis Accessory atlanto- epistropheal ligament Crus inferius Membrana tectoria Fig. 297.—Dissection from behind of the Ligaments connecting the Occipital Bone, the Atlas, and the Epistropheus with each other. transverse and the antero-posterior. The condyle of the occipital bone is bi- convex, and fits into the bi-concave superior articular surface of the atlas, while the long axes of the two joints are directed horizontally forwards and medially. Ligamenta.—Each articulation is provided with a capsula articularis which is thin but complete. It is attached t
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