. A practical treatise on medical diagnosis for students and physicians . due to acute inflammation, to glanders, or to syphilis. It is dull APPEARANCE OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE. 259 red in chronic catarrhs and caseous rhinitis. The coatings of the mucousmembrane are of significance. If a dry mucus covers the part, there isdry catarrh; on the other hand, a dirty-gray membrane is indicativeof diphtheritic rhinitis. The mucous membrane is swollen and bathed with a serous, sero-purulent, or purulent discharge, the character depending on the stage ofinflammation. The contractile tissue over the turbi
. A practical treatise on medical diagnosis for students and physicians . due to acute inflammation, to glanders, or to syphilis. It is dull APPEARANCE OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE. 259 red in chronic catarrhs and caseous rhinitis. The coatings of the mucousmembrane are of significance. If a dry mucus covers the part, there isdry catarrh; on the other hand, a dirty-gray membrane is indicativeof diphtheritic rhinitis. The mucous membrane is swollen and bathed with a serous, sero-purulent, or purulent discharge, the character depending on the stage ofinflammation. The contractile tissue over the turbinated bones is con-gested and swollen. It feels elastic when touched with the probe, andshrinks when cocaine is applied. In chronic hypertrophic rhinitis the uvula is thickened and elongated,on account of the hawking. The outer surface or the edges of the tur-binated bones are enlarged throughout or in localities. The mucous mem-brane covering these spots is thickened, hard, and rough. If cocaine isapplied, the mucous membrane does not contract, as in the swelling due. Rhinoscopic image. (Seiler.)1. Vomer or nasal septum. 2. Floor of nose. 3. Superior meatus. 4. Middle meatus. 5. Supe-rior turbinated bone. 6. Middle turbinated bone. 7. Inferior turbinated bone. 8. Pharyngeal ori-fice of Eustachian tube. 9. Upper portion of Rosenmullers groove. 11. Granular tissue at anteriorportion of vault of pharynx. 12. Posterior surface of velum. to hyperemia. The posterior ends of the inferior or middle turbinatedbones are enormously enlarged, forming round tumors which obstructmore or less the posterior nares and project into the pharynx : polyps anddeviation of the septum may complicate these cases. The same appearances are seen in chronic post-nasal catarrh, and inaddition, a mammillated and thickened appearance of the pharyngealmucous membrane and that of the posterior third of the septum. In drycatarrh the mucous membrane is coated with mucus or covered withcrusts. In atrophic rhiniti
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