. The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland, from the twelfth to the eighteenth century. ng ofcastellated with ecclesiastical elements at an early period; and it hasbeen indicated above how the corbels, turrets, crow-steps, and other cas-tellated features gradually found their way into the ecclesiastical edifices. It is in the later churches, however, that the adoption of domesticelements becomes general, nearly every church of the fifteenth and six-teenth centuries being distinguished by its crow-stepped gables and cor-belled and embattled parapets, precisely in the style of the c
. The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland, from the twelfth to the eighteenth century. ng ofcastellated with ecclesiastical elements at an early period; and it hasbeen indicated above how the corbels, turrets, crow-steps, and other cas-tellated features gradually found their way into the ecclesiastical edifices. It is in the later churches, however, that the adoption of domesticelements becomes general, nearly every church of the fifteenth and six-teenth centuries being distinguished by its crow-stepped gables and cor-belled and embattled parapets, precisely in the style of the castles andmansions. The towers, like those of Dunblane and Dunfermline, alreadyreferred to {ante, p. 28), are further made to resemble castles by the addi-tion of corbelled and embrasured parapets with bartizans at the south porch of Linlithgow Church, with its corbelled oriel and crow-stepped gable, has a still more domestic aspect (Fig. 6); while the centraltower of Melrose shows a curious though elegant mixture of features, * Vol. I. p. 561. INTRODUCTION — 38 CASTELLATED FEATURES. Fio. 6.—Linlithgow Cliurch. Porch. IN CHURCHES 39 INTRODUCTION derived partly from the Ecclesiastical and partly from the Domesticstyles (Fig. 7). Some of the examples to be subsequently adduced, such as the westfront and tower of the Greyfriars at Stirling, the towers of Pittenweemand Anstruther in Fifeshire, Fenwick in Ayrshire, and others in differentparts of the country, show the spirit of the Scottish style in the free useof corbelling, zigzag stringcourses, turrets, &c. In the case of Dysart Church (infra) the tower has the completeappearance of a fortified keep. At Torphichen, again, a story for a resi-dence is built above the church, and gives it a strong resemblance to aplace of strength. In still later churches, erected after the revival ofEpiscopacy in the seventeenth century, the employment of the Domestic ^w^mm^:
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