. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. PARASITES OF GIPSY-MOTH PUP^. 241 Clialcis minuta L. Parasite upon sarcophagids associated with the gipsy moth in Europe. Since the status of the sarcophagids them- selves remains to be determined, it is impossible to state that of the Chalcis. It is believed that the sarcophagids are scavengers, and neutral, in which case the Chalcis would also be neutral. Clialcis fonscolombei Duf. Also a parasite of sarcophagids asso- ciated with the gipsy moth in Europe. Chalcis paraplesia Crawf. Parasite upon sarcophagids as
. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. PARASITES OF GIPSY-MOTH PUP^. 241 Clialcis minuta L. Parasite upon sarcophagids associated with the gipsy moth in Europe. Since the status of the sarcophagids them- selves remains to be determined, it is impossible to state that of the Chalcis. It is believed that the sarcophagids are scavengers, and neutral, in which case the Chalcis would also be neutral. Clialcis fonscolombei Duf. Also a parasite of sarcophagids asso- ciated with the gipsy moth in Europe. Chalcis paraplesia Crawf. Parasite upon sarcophagids associated with the gipsy moth in Japan. It is thus seen that the genus Chalcis is a little of everything in its relations to the gipsy moth. Of the 8 species, 3 are enemies, 2 are friends, and 3 are undertaker's assistants. To round out the series, one may expect to find a species attacking tachinids in Europe, 1 attacking the gipsy-moth pupae as a primary parasite, and another attacking sarcophagid puparia in America. So far as known tachinids are never attacked by the species which prey upon the sarco- phagids, although this statement presup- poses a discriminating instinct which has rarely been encoun- tered among the par- asites of the Diptera generally. For the most part, and in fact with no other excep- tion, so far as the ex- periences of the lab- oratory nave gone, the fig. 44.—Chalcis flavipes: Adult. Enlarged. (From Howard.) parasites which will attack the one will attack the other family also. There are several records, including that already mentioned which was made in 1905, of the rearing of Chalcis from tachinid puparia, but these have either been made before a distinction was made between the puparia of the two families, or else there have been a large number of mixed tachinid puparia involved, and in such instances it is always possible and usually the case that a few sarcophagids are present. As parasites of the gipsy-moth pupse, Chalcis flavipes and C. obscur
Size: 1880px × 1329px
Photo credit: © Library Book Collection / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubje, booksubjectentomology
