. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 62 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM (El-Tourbi & Hamdy 1959) and would therefore appear to be a constant feature in batoids. Between the ophthalmic foramen and the foramen for the orbito-nasal canal is a small foramen for the passage of the anterior cerebral vein. In Bathyraja smithii, Raja miraletus and R. clavata (Figs 49 B; 51 B, F), it is situated at about the same level as the optic foramen, in Raja alba (Fig. 52 B) it is displaced ventrally, and in Raja doutrei, R. pullopunctata, R. radia
. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 62 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM (El-Tourbi & Hamdy 1959) and would therefore appear to be a constant feature in batoids. Between the ophthalmic foramen and the foramen for the orbito-nasal canal is a small foramen for the passage of the anterior cerebral vein. In Bathyraja smithii, Raja miraletus and R. clavata (Figs 49 B; 51 B, F), it is situated at about the same level as the optic foramen, in Raja alba (Fig. 52 B) it is displaced ventrally, and in Raja doutrei, R. pullopunctata, R. radiata, R. confundens, R. leopardus and R. caudaspinosa (Figs 50 B, H; 52 F; 53 B, F; 54 B) it is displaced dorsally. Posterior to, and at about the same level as, the optic foramen is the cartilaginous optic stalk, above which is a single foramen for the oculomotor (III) nerve. The most conspicuous foramen in the orbit is the large pro-otic foramen, which is separated from the smaller foramen of the hyomandibular branch (VII) by the prefacial commissure. Positioned anteriorly to the prefacial commissure and almost at the ventral edge of the orbit is a very small foramen for the afferent pseudobranchial artery. Between this and the pro-otic foramen is another small aperture for the interorbital vein (pituitary vein of El-Tourbi & Hamdy (1959)), which runs into the cranial cavity in the sella turcica, placing the two orbits in communication with one another. This has been incorrectly termed the abducent foramen by Heintz (1962), although it has been labelled as IV (trochlear) in the figure (fig. 2 B). Dissection has revealed that, as in the. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original South African Museum. Cape Town : The Museum
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectnaturalhistory, booky
