. Biology of the seas of the Marine biology -- Soviet Union; Hydrology -- Soviet Union. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHERN SEAS 33 Fig. 2. The two upper layers become thicker, while the warm Atlantic layer, on the contrary, gradually loses its heat, mixes with the water layers above and below, and becomes thinner. A comparison of the changes of temperature with depth at three points in the central part of the Arctic basin—north of the Greenland Sea, near the North Pole and within the region of the 'Pole of Inaccessibility' (station No. 3 Libin-Cherevichny air expedition, 1941, 3)
. Biology of the seas of the Marine biology -- Soviet Union; Hydrology -- Soviet Union. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHERN SEAS 33 Fig. 2. The two upper layers become thicker, while the warm Atlantic layer, on the contrary, gradually loses its heat, mixes with the water layers above and below, and becomes thinner. A comparison of the changes of temperature with depth at three points in the central part of the Arctic basin—north of the Greenland Sea, near the North Pole and within the region of the 'Pole of Inaccessibility' (station No. 3 Libin-Cherevichny air expedition, 1941, 3)—is given in Fig. 2. It is perfectly clear from that figure that as one moves farther up the basin and towards the. Fig. 4. Distribution of isotherms at depth of 300 m (isothermobaths). Penetration of deep Atlantic waters into northern parts of Barents, Kara and Laptev Seas is clearly shown (Dobrovolsky, after Shirshov). Bering Strait the upper cold layer becomes somewhat warmer, the inter- mediate Atlantic one loses some of its heat and the cold abyssal one becomes somewhat warmer. This is the result of a gradual intermixing of the inter- mediate warm layer with the adjacent colder lower and upper layers. Accord- ing to A. Dobrovolsky's computation the course of the Atlantic waters from Spitsbergen to Kara Sea takes two years; in one year more they reach the Laptev Sea and two years later they penetrate the Chukotsk Sea. It takes the Atlantic waters three years to cover the distance from Lofoten to Spitsbergen. It is evident from Table 5 that the deep waters of the Arctic basin are warmer than those of the Greenland Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Zenkevich, L. A. (Lev Aleksandrovich), 1889-1970. New York, Interscience Publishers
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