. Electric railway journal . 0 10 20 30 40 so 60Minutes 0 10 20 30 40 SO 6010Minu+es Haaters on—Heaters off T/me heaters onto total time =100/ On -Off SO On-Off - On- On-Off 51 65 0 10-20 30 40 50 Off °- Time heaters onto total time §-40M Time heaters onto fotfl time^^=°h Time heaters onto total time =100% Time heaters on to total time ^ Time heaters onto-total time ^■.• CAR TEMPERATURE OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE PASSENGERS GRAPHS FOR CAR TEMPERATURE, PASSENGERS ON CAR AND OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE FOR SEVERAL RUNS June 19, 1920 Electric Railway Journal 1247 Railway Car Materia
. Electric railway journal . 0 10 20 30 40 so 60Minutes 0 10 20 30 40 SO 6010Minu+es Haaters on—Heaters off T/me heaters onto total time =100/ On -Off SO On-Off - On- On-Off 51 65 0 10-20 30 40 50 Off °- Time heaters onto total time §-40M Time heaters onto fotfl time^^=°h Time heaters onto total time =100% Time heaters on to total time ^ Time heaters onto-total time ^■.• CAR TEMPERATURE OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE PASSENGERS GRAPHS FOR CAR TEMPERATURE, PASSENGERS ON CAR AND OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE FOR SEVERAL RUNS June 19, 1920 Electric Railway Journal 1247 Railway Car Materials—Steel II A Discussion of the Physical and Chemical PropertiesNecessary and Their Relation to Strength and Durability By NORMAN LITCHFIELD. CHEMICAL, LABORATORY TESTS OF METALS REQUIRE SOME ELABORATE APPARATUS Securing Desired Qualities in Steel fN A preceding article, published in the ElectricRailway Joxjrnal of April 17, the processes usedin the manufacture of iron and steel and the ele-ments entering into their composition were the present article the chemical composition andsome of the physical properties of steels are taken up,with the particular idea of pointing out the relation ofthese matters to the practical use of steel materials incar construction. As has already been pointed out, the is chemical composition, and in this the pre-ponderating influence is that of the carbon content. Arough idea of the relation between the carbon contentand the ultimate tensile strength of steel of usual com-mercial composition otherwise, and in its normal stateas coming from the rolls, is given in the accompanyinggraphs. These are, however, only approximations, asconsiderable variation will occur d
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