A history of the United States of America; its people and its institutions . whichfor two months, February and March, Grant was engaged in efforts toovercome. He tried by digging canals and deepening channels tomake a route for supply-ships through the bayous west of the Missis-sippi. He also tried to iind a passage for gun-boats through the bayouson the northeast, that would enable him to reach the rear of Vicks-burg from that direction. Both plans failed, and nothing remainedbut a daring march regardless of supplies. ^ The passage of the batteries was a dangerous venture. They ex-tended for
A history of the United States of America; its people and its institutions . whichfor two months, February and March, Grant was engaged in efforts toovercome. He tried by digging canals and deepening channels tomake a route for supply-ships through the bayous west of the Missis-sippi. He also tried to iind a passage for gun-boats through the bayouson the northeast, that would enable him to reach the rear of Vicks-burg from that direction. Both plans failed, and nothing remainedbut a daring march regardless of supplies. ^ The passage of the batteries was a dangerous venture. They ex-tended for eight miles along the river bank, for which distance the^un-boats had to run the gantlet of shot and shell. THE CAMPAIGNS OF 1863. 387 cut off. On July 4 the garrison was surrendered as priso-ners of war. In this campaign the Confederates lost ten thousand inkilled and wounded, thirty-seven thousand in prisoners, andimmense was still moredisastrous totheir cause thanGettysburg. Onthe 9th of July,Port Hudson,which was alsobesieged, surren-dered. The Mis- ^^rs---,. Grants Vicksburg Campaign. sissippi was openfrom its source tothe Gulf, and within the next five days a steamboat, ladenwith goods, passed downward from St. Louis to New Or-leans. The Situation in the West.—The taking of Vicksburgvirtually ended the war in the West, except in was thenceforth confined to the Atlantic States of theConfederacy and to the vicinity of Chattanooga, in South-eastern Tennessee, with the exception of one desperatebattle at Nashville, and some minor engagements.^ 111 July, 1863, General John H. Morgan, a dashing Confederatecavalry officer, crossed the Ohio, and made a rapid raid through In-diana and Ohio, hurning factories, mills, and bridges, tearing up rail-roads, and destroying property in great quantities. He was everywhereharassed by militia, and was finally overtaken at Parkersburg, on theOhio, where nearly all his men were captured. Morgan was takenand confined in
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