. The age of Hildebrand. nd, from the King of Denmark, and from theCount of Provence, and assumed the authority tomake the Prince of Dalmatia King. Wherever hisclaim was resisted, he urged the duty of princes toobey the Pope and to regard themselves, before all,as the servants of the church. The Pope is the lordof kingdoms and princedoms, and can give and takethem at his pleasure. Accordingly, as we have seen,he threatened Philip of France with deposition andactually deposed Henry IV. j^ His policy embraced all Christendom. He main-tained relations with Africa and Armenia, and theulterior purp
. The age of Hildebrand. nd, from the King of Denmark, and from theCount of Provence, and assumed the authority tomake the Prince of Dalmatia King. Wherever hisclaim was resisted, he urged the duty of princes toobey the Pope and to regard themselves, before all,as the servants of the church. The Pope is the lordof kingdoms and princedoms, and can give and takethem at his pleasure. Accordingly, as we have seen,he threatened Philip of France with deposition andactually deposed Henry IV. j^ His policy embraced all Christendom. He main-tained relations with Africa and Armenia, and theulterior purpose of the crusades was the subjection 124 ^^^ of Hildebrand, of the schismatic Greek Church to the Roman claimed the disposal of all ecclesiastical and of allsecular power. He claimed the right to judge everyone and to be judged by none; and while appeaHngfor the justification of this right to the forged Decre-tals, he likewise asserted the right of the Pope tocreate new privileges as circumstances might CHAPTER XII. URBAN II.—MATHILDE—CONRADS TREACHERY—SYNOD OF PIACENZA—THE FIRST CRUSADE. REGORY had nominated as his succes-sor, among others, Desiderius, the Abbotof Monte Cassino, a man of high birthand Hberal education, but far advancedin years. When summoned to the chair,Desiderius manifested the greatest reluctance. Hisage made the retirement of his monastery grateful,and he shrank from involving himself, especially asa leader, in the formidable complications which Greg-ory had bequeathed to his successor. Guibert, orClement III., was acting as Pope at Ravenna. De-siderius was at last persuaded to go to Rome, andafter many remonstrances and refusals was inaugu-rated as Victor TIL, on the 9th of May, 1086. Hewas but the shadow of a Pope. The single year ofhis pontificate was largely spent in journeys betweenRome and Monte Cassino, that peaceful and belovedretreat to which the poor old mans heart was alwaysturning. His principal and almost his only of
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