. Carbon storage and accumulation in United States forest ecosystems. Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) United States; Plants Effect of carbon on; Trees Climatic factors United States; Forest ecology United States. Carbon storage was estimated in a four-stage process corresponding to these four major forest ecosystem compo- nents. Separate estimates were generally made at the State level and for major forest types and plantation species in 8 geographic regions (fig. 1). The general approach was to estimate the volume of growing stock from forest inventories, to derive factors from biomass studies


. Carbon storage and accumulation in United States forest ecosystems. Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) United States; Plants Effect of carbon on; Trees Climatic factors United States; Forest ecology United States. Carbon storage was estimated in a four-stage process corresponding to these four major forest ecosystem compo- nents. Separate estimates were generally made at the State level and for major forest types and plantation species in 8 geographic regions (fig. 1). The general approach was to estimate the volume of growing stock from forest inventories, to derive factors from biomass studies and other sources to convert the volume of growing stock to carbon, and to derive estimates for the other ecosystem components from models. Several principal data sources were used to make estimates of carbon storage in forest trees. Statewide forest invento- ries, such as those conducted periodically by the USDA Forest Service, typically involve estimation of timber volume, growth, removals, mortality, and forest biomass for the purpose of analyzing current and prospective timber supplies. Data from these inventories were the basis for estimating carbon storage in forest trees. The data were supplemented by information from a special study to estimate the amount of carbon in tree roots and the conver- sion of volume to carbon (Koch 1989). Because regional forest inventories are based on a statistical sample designed to represent the broad range of forest conditions actually present, estimates of carbon storage in forest trees are representative of the true average values, subject to sampling errors, estimation errors, and errors in converting data from one reporting unit to another. Because of the complexity of making the estimates of tree carbon, the magnitude of the error has not been estimated, but it is likely quite small since the forest inventories used to derive the estimates have very small sampling errors over large areas. Estimates of carbon storage in the soil, for


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