A history of the United States . he Southern positionthat it was the duty of Con-gress to protect slave prop-erty in the territories. Douglas won the sena-torial fight by a major-ity of eight votes in thelegislature, but Lincolnhad forced him into aposition which cost himthe support of the South-ern Democrats two yearslater. The debate broughtLincoln, who was a com-paratively unknown man,into national prominenceand led to his nominationfor the presidency in 1860. In October, 1859, the country was thrown into a stateof feverish excitement by the announcement that JohnBrown, who had achieved evi
A history of the United States . he Southern positionthat it was the duty of Con-gress to protect slave prop-erty in the territories. Douglas won the sena-torial fight by a major-ity of eight votes in thelegislature, but Lincolnhad forced him into aposition which cost himthe support of the South-ern Democrats two yearslater. The debate broughtLincoln, who was a com-paratively unknown man,into national prominenceand led to his nominationfor the presidency in 1860. In October, 1859, the country was thrown into a stateof feverish excitement by the announcement that JohnBrown, who had achieved evil notoriety in ^j^^ j^j^^^Kansas, had with the aid of eighteen conspirators Brown raid,seized the United States Arsenal at Harpers ^ ^^Ferry, Virginia, with the intention of arming the negroslaves and starting a servile insurrection. His intentionwas to carry the arms from the arsenal to the neighboringmountains and establish camps of freedom to which theslaves could resort. United States troops and Virginia militia were at once. John Browx. 338 Sectional Divergence !r>^ rushed to the scene and after a stout resistance, in whichten of his followers were killed, Brown was captured. Dur-ing the trial that followed he displayed extraordinary forti-tude and would make no defense except that he had beencommissioned by God to free the slaves of the South. Hisserene manner and strange words impressed those who heardhim during the trial and won him thousands of friends atthe North. He was condemned and hanged by authorityof the State of Virginia. It was found in the investigationthat funds and firearms had been furnished him by prominentmen at the North, among them Gerrit Smith, Theodore Par-ker, T. W. Higginson, G. L. Stearns, F. B. Sanborn, andDr. S. G. Howe. When these names became known, GerritSmith went mad, Howe, Stearns, and Sanborn fled to Canada ;Theodore Parker had already gone to Europe; Higginsonremained in Boston and was not disturbed. Some of thesemen knew Browns plans
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