. Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats and swine. Veterinary medicine. DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. of the wound should be brought together face to face, or they can be shghtly inverted, but the sutures should only pass through the peritoneum and muscular coats, avoiding the mucous coat. If the silk threads pass through the mucous membrane and come in contact with the gas in the upper zone of the rumen they are rajaidly macerated, and the sutures tear out before the wounds can heal. The rumen should always be kept fixed to the ab- dominal wall towards the upper and lower ex- tremities of the operativ
. Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats and swine. Veterinary medicine. DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. of the wound should be brought together face to face, or they can be shghtly inverted, but the sutures should only pass through the peritoneum and muscular coats, avoiding the mucous coat. If the silk threads pass through the mucous membrane and come in contact with the gas in the upper zone of the rumen they are rajaidly macerated, and the sutures tear out before the wounds can heal. The rumen should always be kept fixed to the ab- dominal wall towards the upper and lower ex- tremities of the operative wound, in order to avoid displacement and occurrence of perito- nitis. For a similar reason the passing of the silk sutures should be preceded by careful dis- infection of the operative wound, and free wash- ing of the parts with boiled water. The operation is concluded by bringing the skin together with a few silk sutures and inserting a strip of iodoform gauze into the lower portion of the wound, to serve as a Fig. 304. LAPAROTOMY. Laparotomy is comparatively seldom performed on animals of the bovine species, though it may become necessary in dealing with cases of hernia, uterine torsion (where direct taxis is called for), Csesarean section, invagination or strangulation of the intestine, and under a few other exceptional circumstances. If simple exploration is aimed at, the operation is most con- veniently performed from the right flank with the animal in a stand- ing position, but should a prolonged operation be contemplated the animal should be cast. The incision varies in length, according to circumstances, from 8 to 16 inches, and, like that in gastrotomy, should correspond in direction with the fibres of the small oblique abdominal muscle; the seat of operation should previously be washed, shaved, and disinfected. The operation comprises the following stages :— First stage. Incision of the skin. Second stage. Incision through the muscles and peritoneum. Thir
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