. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 14, E. litorale. Cross- seotion of stem x 12. 15. E. litorale. Cross-section of stem neai apex X 16. E. iluviatile, Oross- sectloii of stem X12. 6. E. fluvidtile L. (Pipes.) Stems erect, 3-15 dm. high, with 10-30 shal- low grooves, simple, or branched in the middle ; centrum ^ the total diameter ; vallecular holes absent except at bases of largest stems; branches cm. long, 4-6-angled, hollow, not winged, horizontal, with erect tips;
. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 14, E. litorale. Cross- seotion of stem x 12. 15. E. litorale. Cross-section of stem neai apex X 16. E. iluviatile, Oross- sectloii of stem X12. 6. E. fluvidtile L. (Pipes.) Stems erect, 3-15 dm. high, with 10-30 shal- low grooves, simple, or branched in the middle ; centrum ^ the total diameter ; vallecular holes absent except at bases of largest stems; branches cm. long, 4-6-angled, hollow, not winged, horizontal, with erect tips; sheaths ap- pressed ; teeth dark brown, narrow, acute, rigid, distinct. {E. Umosum L.) — Shallow water and mud-banlts, common. June, July. (Eu.) Figs. 16, 17. § 2. HIPPOCHAfeXE Milde. Stems mostly evergreen, simple or becoming sparingly branched, mostly rough; spikes apiculate; stomata (in ours) in a single regular row on each side of the groove, overlaid by the siliceous coat of the stem, having access to the air through an irregular hole. 7. E. laevigHtum A. Br. Stems mostly annual, diffuse and rough or erect and nearly smooth, 1-12 dm. long, simple or with few to many rough branches ; centrum J the diameter of stem; sheaths widened up- ward, green with narrow black limb ; teeth of the stem- sheaths mostly deciduous, leaving black triangular bases, those of the branches persistent; leaves flat above, ridged below; green parenchyma continuous under the keels, separated by the vallecular bast.—Alluvial soils, 0. to B. C. and Tex. June-Aug. Fig. 18. i^ 8. E. hyemale L. (Scoueing EnsH.) Stems erect, mostly simple, 3 to 9 dm. high, the ridges slightly grooved on the back with a row of tubercles on each side; sheaths longer than broad, tight,, with two black rings separated by an ashy one ; teeth mostly deciduous; centrum usually | the total diameter; green paren- chyma continuous over the vallecular holes, separated by the bast under the ridges. — Eu. Var. intermedium A. A.
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