. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . The poppy plant (Papaver somnijerum, L. order PapaveracecB), a native of the Orient, is nowcultivated in various parts of the Old and New-World. Two distmct varieties are recognized, thewhite, and the black or blue. The whitepoppy is grown chiefly for the production ofopium, the black for the seed, from which isexpressed poppy oil. The anatropous seeds (Fig. 180), are very small, seldom over i , and kidney-shaped, one end being slightly broader than the other. Fig
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . The poppy plant (Papaver somnijerum, L. order PapaveracecB), a native of the Orient, is nowcultivated in various parts of the Old and New-World. Two distmct varieties are recognized, thewhite, and the black or blue. The whitepoppy is grown chiefly for the production ofopium, the black for the seed, from which isexpressed poppy oil. The anatropous seeds (Fig. 180), are very small, seldom over i , and kidney-shaped, one end being slightly broader than the other. Fig. 180. Poppy {Papaversomnijeriitn). /seed, //em-bryo. X16. (WiNTON.) 226 OIL SEEDS. The hilum and chalaza are in a notch, connected by a short raphe, thechalaza being nearer the broad end of the seed. Under the lens the. Fig. i8i. Poppy Seed in cross section. S spermoderm consists of ep epidermis, k crystallayer, / fiber layer, q cross cells and n netted cells; E endosperm, contains al ak-uronegrains. Xi6o. (Winton.) surface is beautifully reticulated. The straight embr}o is embedded inthe bulky endosperm. HISTOLOGY. Spermoderm (Fig. i8i, S; Fig, 182). Cross sections are preparedafter soaking the seed in water and may be cleared with chloral or soaking the whole seed for about 24 hours in i\ per cent sodiumhydrate solution, the first four layers readily separate from the fifth. f / - k / ^« - piff
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