A dictionary of Greek and Roman . in the case cited from Caesar, where it was usedfor driving the piles of his bridge over the Rhine,it is almost evident that it must have been a ma-chine, something like our pile-driving engine (ormonkey), by which a heavy log of wood, shod with iron, was lifted up to a considerable heightand then let fall on the head of the pile. [P. S.] FFSTULA {(xcc\i]v\ a water-pipe. Vitruvius(viii. 7. s. 6. §. 1, ed. Schn.) distinguishes threemodes of conveying water : by channels of masonry{per canales structiles), by leaden pipes {fistulispJumbeis), and by
A dictionary of Greek and Roman . in the case cited from Caesar, where it was usedfor driving the piles of his bridge over the Rhine,it is almost evident that it must have been a ma-chine, something like our pile-driving engine (ormonkey), by which a heavy log of wood, shod with iron, was lifted up to a considerable heightand then let fall on the head of the pile. [P. S.] FFSTULA {(xcc\i]v\ a water-pipe. Vitruvius(viii. 7. s. 6. §. 1, ed. Schn.) distinguishes threemodes of conveying water : by channels of masonry{per canales structiles), by leaden pipes {fistulispJumbeis), and by earthen pipes (tubulis fictitious) •but of these two sorts of pipes the leaden were themore commonly used.* [Aquaeductus.] Theywere made by bending up cast plates of lead into aform not perfectly cylindrical, but having a sort ofridge at the junction of the edges of the plate, asrepresented in the following engraving, taken fromantique specimens. (Frontin. de Aquaed. p. 15,16, ed. Polen. ; Hirt, Lekre d. Gebaude, fig. 8.). In the manufacture of these pipes, particular at-tention was paid to the bore, and to the accounts of Vitruvius, Frontinus, and otherwriters, are not in perfect accordance ; but it ap-pears, from a comparison of them, that two differentsystems of measurement were adopted, namely,either by the width of the plate of lead {lamina orlamna) before it was bent into the shape of a pipe,or by the internal diameter or bore {lumen) of thepipe when formed. The former is the systemadopted by Vitruvius {I. c. § 4) ; according to himthe leaden plates were cast of a length not less thanten feet, and of a width containing an exact numberof digits (sixteenths of a foot), which number was ofcourse different for different sized pipes ; and thenthe sizes of the pipes were named from the numberof digits in the width of the plates, as in the fol-lowing table, where the numbers on the right handindicate the number of pounds which Vitruvius as-si
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Keywords: ., bookauthorsmithwilliam18131893, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1840
