. Journal. ned with Knoths slagprocess. The pig, containing 1 per cent, of phosphorus,is treated in the acid converter (or, with scrap, in a basicSiemens-Martin furnace) till the carbon is reduced to about I per cent. It is then poured into a basic Siemens-Martinfurnace, containing the slag from a former operation,lime added to make up for the loss of slag during pouring,and a little felspar. Reaction sets in at once, and thecharge of 30 tons is finished in 24. hours. With a tiltingfurnace, the slag may remain in during the whole time :with a fixed furnace, it must be poured out and replacedaf
. Journal. ned with Knoths slagprocess. The pig, containing 1 per cent, of phosphorus,is treated in the acid converter (or, with scrap, in a basicSiemens-Martin furnace) till the carbon is reduced to about I per cent. It is then poured into a basic Siemens-Martinfurnace, containing the slag from a former operation,lime added to make up for the loss of slag during pouring,and a little felspar. Reaction sets in at once, and thecharge of 30 tons is finished in 24. hours. With a tiltingfurnace, the slag may remain in during the whole time :with a fixed furnace, it must be poured out and replacedafter pouring the steel. The finished steel contains only0-006 to 0-012 per cent, of phosphorus.—J. T. D. Steel Ingots; Segregation, in . B. Talbot. Iron and Steel Inst., Sept., 1905. [Advance Proof.]la order to determine the effect of aluminium in hinderingsegregation, the author carried out a series of paralleltests on ingots from the same heat, with and without ? A With Afuminit/m j 1 Without Aluminium. 1174 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. [Nov. 30, 1905. the addition of a small amount of aluminium. Theingots were taken from both acid and basic open-hearthfurnaces, and varied in weight from li to 3£ tons; thesmaller ingots showed the effect of segregation quite asdistinctly, if not more so, than the larger ones. Theresults are given in a series of tables. It was found that,as a rule, in ingots (5 ft. 6 in. high) to which no aluminiumhad been added, excessive segregation down the centra!line of the ingot occurred from about 6 in. from the topto about half-way down; sulphur showed the greatesttendency to segregate, followed by phosphorus and carbon,whilst, in the ease of manganese, the segregation was soslight as to be almost negligible. By the addition ofaluminium (3—4 oz. per ton), ingots of much moreuniform composition were obtained. The effect of thealuminium was shown very distinctly in the case of twoacid steel ingots, each 18 in. by 22 in. by 67 in., and
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