A treatise on architecture and building construction . maybe used, as shown in Fig. 38, in which a represents the stone § 8 MASONRY. 41 lintel; b^ the I beam; c, the wooden beam to which the woodfinish is attached; c/, the reveal; and r, the brick wall. When, in addition to the walls, the floorbeams over open-ings must be carried, it is best to use two I beams, as shownin Fig, 39, in which a is the stone lintel; /;, /;, the I beams,held together by bolts and separator; c, an iron plate onwhich the wall rests; </, a floorbeam; r, the window reveal;and /, the brick wall. When it can be avoide
A treatise on architecture and building construction . maybe used, as shown in Fig. 38, in which a represents the stone § 8 MASONRY. 41 lintel; b^ the I beam; c, the wooden beam to which the woodfinish is attached; c/, the reveal; and r, the brick wall. When, in addition to the walls, the floorbeams over open-ings must be carried, it is best to use two I beams, as shownin Fig, 39, in which a is the stone lintel; /;, /;, the I beams,held together by bolts and separator; c, an iron plate onwhich the wall rests; </, a floorbeam; r, the window reveal;and /, the brick wall. When it can be avoided, it is best not to support the weightof a wall uponboth stone and steel or wood beams, as thedeflection of each material is different, making it practicallyimpossible for each to carry its proper share of the load. Theweight should preferably be borne by the steel beams alone. 77. Built-Up ILiintels.—It is sometimes necessary touse a stone lintel 10 or 12 feet long, which is difficult toobtain in a single piece. In such a case, the lintel may be. Fig. 40. made in sections. At least three stones should be used, andthe joints should be cut as shown at a, Fig. 40. When cutin this manner the stones are apparently end pieces may be built into the wall for a considerablelength, so as to act as cantilevers supporting the middlesection. If such long lintels are used, it is better to carrythem on I beams, as shown in Figs. 38 and 39. SIL,L,S. 78. Sill is the name given in mason work to the stonesforming the bottom of the window and door openings instone or brick walls. 42 MAvSONRY. 8 Slip sills are made just the width of the opening, and arenot built into the walls, but put in place after the frame isset. Slip sills are cheaper, but do not look as well as lugsills; besides, there are exposed vertical joints at the ends,into which water will penetrate. Any settlement of themasonry is not likely to break a slip sill, and hence they areoften used in the lower parts
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