. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. 80 ACADEMIC BOTANY. primitive types—Gymnogens and Endogens—live longest; a character resulting, doubtless, from the needs of their former geological conditions. 162. Monocarpic Plant s.— Perennials, after a few years' growth, usually bear flowers and fruit an- nually until they die of old age. Among Endogens, however, and especially in the Amaryllis Order, we find Monocarpic, or Once-fruiting plants. The giant Fourcroya of South America is an example. The stem is 400 years
. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. 80 ACADEMIC BOTANY. primitive types—Gymnogens and Endogens—live longest; a character resulting, doubtless, from the needs of their former geological conditions. 162. Monocarpic Plant s.— Perennials, after a few years' growth, usually bear flowers and fruit an- nually until they die of old age. Among Endogens, however, and especially in the Amaryllis Order, we find Monocarpic, or Once-fruiting plants. The giant Fourcroya of South America is an example. The stem is 400 years attaining its full growth, a height of 60 feet. Then it sud- denly sends up a branching flower-stalk. Fig. 98.—Plaue-tiee, or Sycamore {PUUanm orienlutu). (panicle), which in 6 weeks reaches a height of 40 feet, with correspond- ing dimensions, and bearing 20,000 lilies. In a few weeks more the fruit ripens, and then the whole plant dies. The Agave (Pig. 115) is also monocarpic. It is called Century Plant for this reason; but the plants bloom at the age of 20, 40, or 50 years. 163. Trees, as to form, are Drooping, with branches (and sometimes trunks) declined: Weeping Willow, Birch ; Fastigiate, with small, erect branches, par- allel to the trunk; Lomhardy Poplar; Round-headed, with solvent trunks and nearly equal branches: Plane (Fig. 98); Spire-topped, with exourrent trunks and tapering branches: Pines (Pig. 97). 164. Stems, as to habit, are Ascending, Assurgent, when they rise ob- liquely, as in Polygala (Pig. 185); Caespi- tose, when in turfy patches like the Mosses ; Declined, bent on one side: Judas-Tree; Decumbent, at base erect, but the stem ,J^°-i!!Cv™T?J7„&r __ . '.,-, ... T> 1. T^-j- i«wn nigrum) plant entire: 6, prostrate Without rooting: Easpberry ;/)i/- ft. cut open • c, flower. fuse, loosely spreading : Raspberry; Pro- cumbent, Prostrate, Trailing, lying flat on the ground without. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned p
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