. A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . t means for d(-veloping the commonlife and spirit of the THE PRUSSIAN STATE H ES IIA FED. 7J nation is self-govern-ment on the part of thecommunities. In thisrespect there had beencomplete failure. Aparticipation of the cit-izens in the affairs of thetowns had existed gen-erally in some form, butit came to be withoutsignificance. The mag-istrates held office forlife, and filled vacanciesin their numbers byco-optation with theroyal approval. Thecommunal sphere of ac-tivity was everywherenarrow, education
. A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . t means for d(-veloping the commonlife and spirit of the THE PRUSSIAN STATE H ES IIA FED. 7J nation is self-govern-ment on the part of thecommunities. In thisrespect there had beencomplete failure. Aparticipation of the cit-izens in the affairs of thetowns had existed gen-erally in some form, butit came to be withoutsignificance. The mag-istrates held office forlife, and filled vacanciesin their numbers byco-optation with theroyal approval. Thecommunal sphere of ac-tivity was everywherenarrow, education andcare of the poor ex-tremely neglected, pub-lic spirit and spontane-ous activity were un-known. Now cameSteins ordinance relat-ing to towns (Xovem-ber 19, 1808), a workso fruitful in blessingsthat it alone would suf-fice to secure to its au-thor the gratitude ofposterity (Fig. 15. Itconfined the previous t u-telage within very nar-row limits, set aside thedivision of the burgherclass into guilds and or-ders, introduced com-mon councils, with theright to prepare thebudget, and to make. s o 1 I 80 AWAKENING OF THE PEOPLES. enactments beyond former municipal ability, and established the electionof magistrates in lieu of co-optatiou. Upon the inferior classes of thepopulation there still rested considerable remains of feudal eastern portions of the country, acquired by conquest, had tlic worstexperience of the iiicouveiuences of this patriarciial relationship, hut alsoin the Mark of Bran<l( nburg, thi o])cn country was in the hands ofscarcely three hundred knightly pro})rietors, to whom belonged the con-
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Keywords: ., bookaut, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectworldhistory
