Physical diagnosis, including diseases of the thoracic and abdominal organs : a manual for students and physicians .. . ight VagusBronchial Artery(JctstqihayusVena Aiygus Major Right Pleural Sac Mediastinum Thoracic Duct Diagram showing the anteroposterior relation of the importantstructures in the thorax on a level with the lung roots. The heart isplaced below and anterior to this region. THE PLEURA. The pleural sac covers the lung at all points. On theleft side it comes forward, covering most of that partof the pericardium which is not covered by the lung,reaching very near to the left edge
Physical diagnosis, including diseases of the thoracic and abdominal organs : a manual for students and physicians .. . ight VagusBronchial Artery(JctstqihayusVena Aiygus Major Right Pleural Sac Mediastinum Thoracic Duct Diagram showing the anteroposterior relation of the importantstructures in the thorax on a level with the lung roots. The heart isplaced below and anterior to this region. THE PLEURA. The pleural sac covers the lung at all points. On theleft side it comes forward, covering most of that partof the pericardium which is not covered by the lung,reaching very near to the left edge of the sternum Itslower limit reaches further down than the inferiorborder of the lung. This complemental space begins idfront near the median line, increasing gradually from 30 ANAT03IICAL. before backward to the lateral surface of the chest,where it is of greatest depth, diminishing more grad-ually as it passes on the posterior surface of the chest,the pleura reaching clown to the body of the twelfthdorsal vertebra in the median line posteriorly one andone-half vertebral bodies lower than the lung at the Fig. Relation of lungs, pleura, heart and liver to bony thorax. end of expiration. Most of the complemental space isoccupied by the lung in extreme inspiration. The mediastinum is that part of the thoracic cavitywhich lies between the two pleural sacs. It contains allof the intrathoracic structures except the lungs andpleura. (Fig. 7.) TOPOGRAPHICAL AND RELATIONAL ANATOMY. 31 THE PERICARDIUM. The pericardial sac, attached by its broad base to thediaphragm, is invaginated by the heart, and its apex,which is directed upwards, extends by diverticula-upon the great vessels about two inches from their Fig. 9.
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