. Cassier's magazine . waterpower at Niagara indicates the pos-sibilities of the manufacture of elec-tricity. The power that Niagaramight generate is estimated by Pro-fessor Unwin at 7,000,000 horse-power. The same authority estimatesthat there are fully 2,000,000 horse-power available on the upper Missis-sippi, while the southern Appalachianregion can furnish a minimum of3,000,000 horse-power. While the volume of water in ariver adds to the force the head ofwater caused by its rapid descent isfar more effective in proportion to itsvolume. A mountain stream of mod-erate size may become the sou
. Cassier's magazine . waterpower at Niagara indicates the pos-sibilities of the manufacture of elec-tricity. The power that Niagaramight generate is estimated by Pro-fessor Unwin at 7,000,000 horse-power. The same authority estimatesthat there are fully 2,000,000 horse-power available on the upper Missis-sippi, while the southern Appalachianregion can furnish a minimum of3,000,000 horse-power. While the volume of water in ariver adds to the force the head ofwater caused by its rapid descent isfar more effective in proportion to itsvolume. A mountain stream of mod-erate size may become the source offar more power than a large riverwith a slowly-flowing current. Anillustration of this is given in Swit-zerland, where many electric powerstations for railways and illuminationare served by heads of water fromsmall streams falling over mountainprecipices. The same is true in theUnited States. When the famousGunnison tunnel in Colorado was 5-1 Copyright, 1911, by the Cassiers Magazine Co. 38* 388 CASSIERS MAGAZINE. POWER IN A CANAL DISCHARGE INTENDED ORIGINALLY ONLY FOR IRRIGATION opened for irrigation the only thoughtof its importance was the fertiliza-tion of 250,000 acres of desert. Butthe experts who constructed it knewthat this conduit of 7 miles in length,carrying the waters to the Uncorn-pahgre Valley, developed such a headof water in its descent from the sur-face of the river to the valley thatthe five artificial cataracts over whichit falls are each capable of actuatingturbines of 5,000 horse-power, thusdeveloping 25,000 horse-power froma source only 12 feet deep and 8 feetwide, as this canal is measured in thetunnel. The Ohio River system is one ofthose which have been extensivelysurveyed by the United States Gov-ernment in connection with the con-sideration of the feasibility and costof regulating the flow, reducing theflood run-off, and thus aiding navi-gation and incidentally water-powerdevelopments; and from these inves-tigations it appears that the water-pow
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