. Better fruit. Fruit-culture. MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. BRANCH ES AT LOS ANGELES, FRESNO, PORTLAND SEATTLE, SALT LAKE CITY, HONOLULU Cork, Drouth Spot and Related Apple Diseases By A. J. Mix, Geneva, New York, Agricultural Experiment Station TWO little-known apple diseases are found in the Champlain Valley. These are perhaps only different types of the same disease, are non-parasitic in nature, and are apparently closely related to the well-known fruit-pit or stippen disease. The names cork and drouth spot are proposed for them. Associated with the drouth spot are ab- normal
. Better fruit. Fruit-culture. MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. BRANCH ES AT LOS ANGELES, FRESNO, PORTLAND SEATTLE, SALT LAKE CITY, HONOLULU Cork, Drouth Spot and Related Apple Diseases By A. J. Mix, Geneva, New York, Agricultural Experiment Station TWO little-known apple diseases are found in the Champlain Valley. These are perhaps only different types of the same disease, are non-parasitic in nature, and are apparently closely related to the well-known fruit-pit or stippen disease. The names cork and drouth spot are proposed for them. Associated with the drouth spot are ab- normal conditions of the twigs and foliage; it is proposed to call these drouth die-back and drouth rosette. Cork is also found in Ontario and in New South Wales. It affects chiefly the Fameuse variety. Apparently the drouth spot has occurred in Maine and Vir- ginia; and a closely related trouble occurs in the Pacific Northwest. Rosette has been reported from Colorado, Cali- fornia and Idaho; and both the rosette and die-back from the irrigated sec- tions of Washington and Oregon. In the Champlain Valley certain orchards and even individual trees are more affected than others. It is only in these particular cases that the diseases assume economic importance. Cork is evident in late June as dead brown spots beneath the skin of the fruit or around the core. The fruit is normal externally. Later the fruit becomes distorted and knobby, and brown corky areas are found scattered throughout the flesh. Drouth spot occurs in early June and fresh stages may develop throughout the summer if the weather continues dry. Superficial or sunken, irregular, dead, brown spots show in the skin of the fruit, and dead brown areas may occur in the flesh be- neath. In late stages the apple becomes cracked and deformed. The internal spots of both diseases are in close proximity to branches of the vascular system, and superficial drouth spots often show a wavy pattern of wrinkles apparently marking the subepi
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