. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. Umiak With Split VVai ri's Hidk, Cape Prince of Wales, Alaska. The framework can be seen tliniugh the translucent hide cover. (P/iolo by Henry B. Collins.) The Asiatic Chukchi umiak is somewhat similar to that used on the American coast but with less beam in proportion to its length and less flare to the sides. The skin cover is of bearded seal. Bogoras measured an example and found her 35 feet 9 inches long, 4 feet 6 inches wide amidships, 2 feet 6 inches wide on the bottom over the chines. (An Alaskan umiak measured 34 feet 9 inc
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. Umiak With Split VVai ri's Hidk, Cape Prince of Wales, Alaska. The framework can be seen tliniugh the translucent hide cover. (P/iolo by Henry B. Collins.) The Asiatic Chukchi umiak is somewhat similar to that used on the American coast but with less beam in proportion to its length and less flare to the sides. The skin cover is of bearded seal. Bogoras measured an example and found her 35 feet 9 inches long, 4 feet 6 inches wide amidships, 2 feet 6 inches wide on the bottom over the chines. (An Alaskan umiak measured 34 feet 9 inches long, 8 feet 2 inches wide at gunwales and 2 feet 8 inches over the chines.) The Chukchi also use a very small hunting umiak, 15 to 18 feet long and having two or three thwarts, much like the small hunting umiaks once used in the Aleutians. The larger Chukchi umiaks have rectan- gular sails set on a pole mast; some boats carry a square topsail. The sails are lashed to their yards and the lower sail, or "course," is controlled by sheets and braces. The topsail, when used, has braces only. The sails were formerly of reindeer skins, but now drill is used. These umiaks were formerly pad- dled, as indicated by their narrow beam, but since the advent of the white man oars have come into use, and it is quite certain that the topsail also is the result of white man's influence, if not the whole rig. In stormy weather some of these umiaks and also some of those in Alaska employ weather cloths, 18 or 20 inches high above the gunwales, on short stanchions lashed to the hull frames. The ends of the stanchions are inserted in slits in the top of the weather cloth, and \n fair weather the cloths are folded down inside the gunwale out of the wa>-. .Mso in some of these .Asiatic and Alaskan umiaks, inflated floats, of seal skin, are lashed to the gunwales to prevent capsizing in a heavy sea. The .Alaskan umiaks varied much in size but are rather similar in form. The sm
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Keywords: ., bookauthorun, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectscience
