. Cyclopedia of farm animals. Domestic animals; Animal products. 640 SHELLFISH SILKWORM census of 1900, there were thirty-nine oyster- canning houses in the United States. Literature. Ernest Ingersoll's memoir on the " Oyster Indus- try," written for the Census of 1880, is classic. ' United States Fish Commission Report for 1892 gives a bibliography of oyster publications in English, including 546 papers by 278 authors. Shrimp. Crangon vulgaris. Crustacea. By Julius Nelson. Practically no effort has been made to assist nature in the production of shrimp. The chief shrimp fisheries ar
. Cyclopedia of farm animals. Domestic animals; Animal products. 640 SHELLFISH SILKWORM census of 1900, there were thirty-nine oyster- canning houses in the United States. Literature. Ernest Ingersoll's memoir on the " Oyster Indus- try," written for the Census of 1880, is classic. ' United States Fish Commission Report for 1892 gives a bibliography of oyster publications in English, including 546 papers by 278 authors. Shrimp. Crangon vulgaris. Crustacea. By Julius Nelson. Practically no effort has been made to assist nature in the production of shrimp. The chief shrimp fisheries are on the Gulf and Pacific coasts of America. The annual catch is about four hun- dred thousand dollars' worth, a fourth of which may be credited to San Francisco bay. These shrimps or prawns are canned. An unknown num- ber are used for bait all along the coast. SILKWORM. Bombyx mori, Linn. Bombycida. Figs. 645-649. By L. 0. Howard. The cultivation of the domestic silkworm for the production of raw silk, subsequently to be made into cloth, seems to have originated in China, and as an agricultural industry is of very great anti- quity both in China and in India. The ancestral form of the silkworm of commerce was probably a native of the northern provinces of China or of Bengal. It was, as a wild species, probably a full- winged, flying moth, whose larva was of a dark color, and spun a much smaller and less dense cocoon than does the silkworm of today. After countless generations of confinement, cultivation and breeding, however, the insect has become a true domesticated animal; the moth has practically lost the power of flight; the larva or caterpillar has become for the most part nearly white in color, except in certain rather aberrant races ; the silk glands have be- come very large, and the silk has become most excellent in quality and very abundant. Life history of the silk- worm. (Figs. 645- 647.) The silkworm of commerce passes the winter in the egg stage, and with most of
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