. Essentials of biology presented in problems. Biology. THE \'ERTEBRATE ANIMALS 293 Reference Books elementary Davison, Practical Zoology, pages 199-211. American Book Company. Herrick, Textbook in General Zoology, Chap. XX. American Book Company. Hodge, Xature Study and Life, Chaps. XVI, XVII. Ginn and Company. Jordan, Kellogg, and Heath, Animal Studies. D. Appleton and Company. Nature Study Leaflets, Cornell Nature Study, Bulletins XVI, XVII. ADVANCED Ditmars, The Batrachians of Kc-w York, liuide Leaflet 19, American Museum of National Histor},-. Dickinson, The Frog Book. Doubleday, Pago, an


. Essentials of biology presented in problems. Biology. THE \'ERTEBRATE ANIMALS 293 Reference Books elementary Davison, Practical Zoology, pages 199-211. American Book Company. Herrick, Textbook in General Zoology, Chap. XX. American Book Company. Hodge, Xature Study and Life, Chaps. XVI, XVII. Ginn and Company. Jordan, Kellogg, and Heath, Animal Studies. D. Appleton and Company. Nature Study Leaflets, Cornell Nature Study, Bulletins XVI, XVII. ADVANCED Ditmars, The Batrachians of Kc-w York, liuide Leaflet 19, American Museum of National Histor},-. Dickinson, The Frog Book. Doubleday, Pago, and (/'(jmpany. Dickinson, Salamanders. Doubleday, Page, and Company. Holmes, The Biology of the Frog. The Maemillan Company. Morgan, The Devitopment of the Frog's Egg. The Maemillan Company. Parker and Haswell, Textbook of ZoUlogy. The MacmiUan Company. Reptiles -=Turties and Tortoises, Adaptations for Life. — The turtles and tortoises, the latter land animals, form a large and interesting group. The body is flattened, and is covered on the dorsal and ventral sides by a bony framework. This covering is composed of plates cemented to the true bone underneath, the whole form- ing one hornj' cover. This covering, an adaptation for protection, is more perfect in the box tortoise, where a hinge on the ventral side allows the animal to retreat within the shell, the head and legs being completely covered. Western painted turtle. ^ Adaptations for Food Getting. — The long neck and powerful horny jaws are factors in the food procuring. Turtles have no teeth. Prey is seized and held by the jaws, the claws of the front legs being used to tear the food. Turtles are very strong for their size. The stout legs carry the animal slowly on land, and in the water, being slightly webbed, they are of service in swimming. In some water turtles the front limbs are modified into flippers for swimming. The strong claws are used for digging, especially at egg-laying season, for some turtles dig holes


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectbiology, bookyear1911