Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . are called receptors, and are of many dif-ferent kinds, so as to fit them for combination with manydifferent varieties of extraneous groups. Three orders of receptors are described: Receptors of the firstorder, which concern themselves with the assimilation ofsimple substances (toxins, ferments, and other cell secre-tions), utilizing a single haptophore. Antitoxins, as anexample. Receptors of the second order, which, in addition to thehaptophore group, possess a second
Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . are called receptors, and are of many dif-ferent kinds, so as to fit them for combination with manydifferent varieties of extraneous groups. Three orders of receptors are described: Receptors of the firstorder, which concern themselves with the assimilation ofsimple substances (toxins, ferments, and other cell secre-tions), utilizing a single haptophore. Antitoxins, as anexample. Receptors of the second order, which, in addition to thehaptophore group, possess a second group, which affects the IMMUNITY 37 coagulation. Toxins may be regarded as receptors of thesecond order thrust off by the bacteria. Receptors of the third order, which possess two haptophoregroups, one of which effects the union with the food-stuffs,whereas the other lays hold on certain substances circulatingin the blood plasma, the complements, which cause ferment-like actions—cytolysins, as an example. The Formation of Antitoxin According to the Lateral ChainTheory.—The toxin molecule consists of two groups: (A). Fig. 6.—Graphic representation of receptors of the first order and oftoxin uniting with the cell-receptor: a, Cell-receptor; h, toxin molecule;c, haptophore of toxin molecule; d, toxophore of toxin molecule; e, hapto-phore of the ceU-receptor (Ehrlich). The haptophore or combining group, by which the toxinmolecule can join the receptor of the cell, and {B) the toxo-phore, or poisoning group, by which means it can attack thecell protoplasm after having been fixed to it by the hapto-phore group. The effect of the toxin depends on the number of mole-cules attached to the cell. A great number would bring 38 ESSENTIALS Or BACTERIOLOGY about death of the cell, while a few would act as an irri-tant. Weigerts Law.—^When a cell is attacked by a few mole-cules of toxin, it reacts by forming new side chains or recep-tors, and, in accordance with the law of Weigert, a
Size: 1371px × 1822px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublisherphila, bookyear1913
