. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann MuÌller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 26o ANGIOSPERMAEâDICOTYLEDONES back as to touch both anthers. According to Hildebrand's investigations autogamj' is always effective. 2249. S. officinalis L. (Sprengel, 'Entd. Geh.,' pp. 62-4; Hildebrand, op. cit.; Delpino, 'Ult. oss.'; Herm. Miiller, 'Fertilisation,' pp. 480-1, ' Weit. Beob.' Ill, pp. 55-6; Ogle, Pop. Sci. Rev., London, viii, 1869; Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen,' ' Grundriss d. Blutenbiol.,' pp. 83-4; Kirchner, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' pp. 6
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann MuÌller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 26o ANGIOSPERMAEâDICOTYLEDONES back as to touch both anthers. According to Hildebrand's investigations autogamj' is always effective. 2249. S. officinalis L. (Sprengel, 'Entd. Geh.,' pp. 62-4; Hildebrand, op. cit.; Delpino, 'Ult. oss.'; Herm. Miiller, 'Fertilisation,' pp. 480-1, ' Weit. Beob.' Ill, pp. 55-6; Ogle, Pop. Sci. Rev., London, viii, 1869; Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen,' ' Grundriss d. Blutenbiol.,' pp. 83-4; Kirchner, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' pp. 618-19; Correns, op. cit.; Schulz, ' Beitrage,' II, pp. 195 and 1917.)âThe violet-coloured, protandrous flowers of this species are marked on the lower lip with dark-violet and whitish streaks which serve as nectar-guides. A ring of hairs in the corolla-tube immediately above the nectar acts as a nectar-cover. The flower mechanism differs from that of S. pratensis in the following particulars. The upper lip is short, but so broad that it protects the mouth of the flower from rain. The two connective-joints are much shorter than in S. pratensis. The lower anther-lobes generally still contain some pollen, but they are always much smaller than the upper ones, and contain only a quarter or, at the most, half as many pollen-grains as the latter; they are seldom completely vestigial. The lower limb of the connective is therefore not modified into a plate closing up the flower-entrance, but is kidney-shaped, almost like the upper one, only slightly smaller. The hammer â.,?'?â 3s°- SaMaofficinalis, L.(^h^T^ i. i i. r t_ i_ anther-lobes; g, stigma; h, nectary; i, ovary; »⢠pratCnSlS. BOth lODeS Ot the anttierS are k, vestigial anther; /, nectar-cover. situated in the mouth of the flower, the upper projecting slightly more forward than the lower. They lie so close together that both are always turned downwards simultaneously, and also resume their original positions together
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