. Principles of irrigation engineering, arid lands, water supply, storage works, dams, canals, water rights and products. of the culvertfar below that of the canal a round culvert is not the most favorablefor wide and shallow canals. Where a culvert is intended to carry drainage water different con-ditions ordinarily prevail, and the same necessity for conforming theshape of the culvert to the shape of the canal does not exist. Ingeneral, however, of a culvert should not be much below 6 82 PRINCIPLES OF IRRIGATION ENGINEERING the grade of the waterway in order to avoid its being silt
. Principles of irrigation engineering, arid lands, water supply, storage works, dams, canals, water rights and products. of the culvertfar below that of the canal a round culvert is not the most favorablefor wide and shallow canals. Where a culvert is intended to carry drainage water different con-ditions ordinarily prevail, and the same necessity for conforming theshape of the culvert to the shape of the canal does not exist. Ingeneral, however, of a culvert should not be much below 6 82 PRINCIPLES OF IRRIGATION ENGINEERING the grade of the waterway in order to avoid its being silted partlyfull and rendered less effective when it is needed. The forms of culverts most generally in use are what are commonlydesignated as barrel and box culverts, the former being ordi-narily a circle or ellipse and the latter of rectangular form. Accordingto the materials used, culverts may be classified as wood, pipe, andmasonry. Wood culverts are commonly constructed in rectangularform and consist of a framework sufficiently strong to carry the em-bankment above, covered with planking which forms the Concrete GoUar 7 IscfaM Ilikk t Elevation) ^Inlet or C Nde: The obunel Kbove ud ImIov tbe culTert ihould lie prsteet«d with gnuUd rip-npor pariof; to the dbtanoe required lij local coDdltioiu. G>»Tel .alf Section A-Bntlet Fig. 26.—Vitrified pipe culvert with concrete inlet and outlet. Pipe culverts (Fig. 26) are either vitrified, concrete, iron or culverts are generally constructed of either stone orconcrete. The selection of the materials from which a culvert is to be madeinvolves questions of cost, importance, and diurability of the most sections of the country culverts can be constructed of woodat a less cost than from other materials. On account of the perish-able nature of wood, however, it is not satisfactory for permanentwork. For small openings, not exceeding say 4 or 5 ft. in diameter,pipe culverts are satisfactory. Whether
Size: 2324px × 1075px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectirrigat, bookyear1913
