Modern surgery, general and operative . c bodies, such as bullets, piecesof steel or iron, coins, pins, needles, tin, zinc, brass, etc., can be detected in anyportion of the body and accurately localized. Fragments of stone, granite,marble, and lead-glass can be skiagraphed except when very small and deeplysituated. Drainage-tubes and iodoform gauze can be found if lost in a sinusor cavity. Anthracite coal, glass other than lead-glass, or splinters of wood aredifficult to detect unless they are of considerable thickness, are not superim-posed by bone, and are embedded in thin structures so tha
Modern surgery, general and operative . c bodies, such as bullets, piecesof steel or iron, coins, pins, needles, tin, zinc, brass, etc., can be detected in anyportion of the body and accurately localized. Fragments of stone, granite,marble, and lead-glass can be skiagraphed except when very small and deeplysituated. Drainage-tubes and iodoform gauze can be found if lost in a sinusor cavity. Anthracite coal, glass other than lead-glass, or splinters of wood aredifficult to detect unless they are of considerable thickness, are not superim-posed by bone, and are embedded in thin structures so that the foreign bodycan be brought close to the sensitive plate. When the fingers are the seat ofinjury, anteroposterior and lateral views are sufficient. When in the esoph-agus, trachea, or bronchi the fluoroscope should be used for differentiation,after which a Rontgenograph will assist. Foreign bodies elsewhere should be localized. If near a joint or in closerelation to some surgical guide, localization is accomplished by stereoscopic. Pig. 1022.—Bullet localized by means of stereoscope. Removed by author. Rontgenographs. (See stereoscopic skiagraph. Fig. 1022, of bullet in a shouldercase of mine. The bullet lay in close relation to the anterior surface of theglenoid margin, and on a line perpendicularly below the coracoid bullet was removed with ease.) Pieces of needle in the palm of the hand or soft parts near the surface arebest localized stereoscopically when a definite relation between some knownsurface mark and the foreign body can be determined. A thin coating ofbismuth on the palm of the hand will cause every line in the skin to show on theRontgenograph. When the foreign body is deeply situated and not in close rela-tion to a surgical guide, some method of localization must be used to indicatethe depth and direction from a known point on the surface in which the bodylies. All localizing methods are based upon displacement of the foreign bodyshadow bv mak
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublishe, booksubjectsurgery
