. The Becquerel rays and the properties of radium . Thea-rays,giving rise to byfar the greaterpart of the elec-trical effect, areslightly deflect-ed by a trans-verse magneticforce, in thatdirection whichcorresponds toan emissionof positively charged masses. ^^°- 20.—Diagram illustrative of the behaviour of the three ^ varieties of Betquerel rays in a field of magnetic force. The IVTpn mi VPin Pn t <* «-™ys are bent very slightly in one direction; the jS-rays are a o lA i c ill c li u o y^gjj^ ygj.^ j^j,^j.]j ji^ ji^g opposite direction ; while the y-rays are of the ratio of •^^ ^-^^^
. The Becquerel rays and the properties of radium . Thea-rays,giving rise to byfar the greaterpart of the elec-trical effect, areslightly deflect-ed by a trans-verse magneticforce, in thatdirection whichcorresponds toan emissionof positively charged masses. ^^°- 20.—Diagram illustrative of the behaviour of the three ^ varieties of Betquerel rays in a field of magnetic force. The IVTpn mi VPin Pn t <* «-™ys are bent very slightly in one direction; the jS-rays are a o lA i c ill c li u o y^gjj^ ygj.^ j^j,^j.]j ji^ ji^g opposite direction ; while the y-rays are of the ratio of •^^ ^-^^^ ^• charge to mass suggest that they are comparable inmass to hydrogen or helium atoms, and carry thesame charge. The ^-rays, which are principally instrumental inproducing the photographic effect, are deflected inthe opposite direction to the a-rays, and consist ofnegatively charged corpuscles of much less thanatomic dimensions. The y-rays, not deflected at all by magnetic force,are probably Rontgen rays, produced by the CHAPTER lY ABSORPTION AND lONISATION We have often alluded to the property which theBecquerel rays possess of causing the discharge ofelectrified bodies. This property was one of the firstto be discovered, and it gives the most generallyuseful method of detecting the presence of the rays,and measuring their comparative strength. It is nowtime to consider this important subject in detail. In experiments on the electrical conduction undervarious conditions, a simple gold-leaf electroscopewhich we have hitherto supposed to be used, isscarcely available, and it is necessary to make use ofa quadrant electrometer. It is desirable that thereader should make himself acquainted with theprinciple of that instrument, for the greater part ofthe experiments on radio-activity have involved itsuse. A description of it will be found in elementaryworks on electricity. It must suffice here to statethat it enables us to measure small quantities ofelect
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectradioac, bookyear1906
